1. Marianne Sökjer-Petersen By Marianne Sökjer-Petersen, Senior Lecturer, PH. D. Lund University, Department of Psychology

2. Marianne Sökjer-Petersen Networking - why Collecting and synthesizing information from ‘secure channels’ Brokering of resources Gaining of personal support

3. Marianne Sökjer-Petersen Network is used as Synonym to group, local clusters of SME, losely formed associations Learning arenas Ways of creating contacts between academic and economic life for mutual benefit As learning themes in krAft groups, often together with the theme creation of strategic alliances. A description of the cooperative actions undertaken between the members of academic syndicate As a way of marketing KrAft

4. Marianne Sökjer-Petersen Network - Characteristics Voluntariness Informal cooperation Open horizontal communication patterns Floating boundaries Perceived personal usefulness Personal affiliation and trust Egocentrism

5. Marianne Sökjer-Petersen Organizational Characteristics Planned formal cooperation for the achievement of collectively recognized goals and needs Closed or semi-closed hierarchical and horizontal communication patterns Fixed boundaries Impersonalized authority structures Substitutability of individuals Trustworthiness built around the organization as such – not the individual

6. Marianne Sökjer-Petersen Groups - characteristics Formed around common needs, values and goals A platform for the formation of social/collective identity - belongingness Awareness of one-self and the others as group members Solidarity and affiliation within the group

7. Marianne Sökjer-Petersen Prerequisites for collective learning in inter-organizational settings Recognizance of common needs and goals Affiliation Change agents Creation of a collective setting - an arena for learning Formation of collective identity, e.g. becoming a group