1. Voting and Opinion Forming 11/7/2011

2. Clearly Communicated Learning Objectives in Written Form Upon completion of this course, students will be able to: – discuss and critically analyze political events in the United States government – identify and explain the role of formal and informal institutions and their effect on policy. – assess the 2010 and 2012 elections without resorting to partisan bickering.

3. Office Hours and Readings Chapter 5 Chapter 4 (110-129) Office Hours – Tuesday 8-10:30 – Wednesday 8-9

4. "The most accurate form of public opinion polling is the vote." Walter Dean Burnham

5. What is Political Opinion those opinions held by private persons which governments find it prudent to heed -- V.O. Key Why do politicians Follow it?

6. POLITICAL SOCIALIZATION How We Learn about Politics

7. Political Socialization The process of learning about political issues and forming opinions How we learn about politics Same as religion, culture and language.

8. We Learn the Apollo American Creed Freedom Equality Support for the System

9. We Are Proud to Be Americans

10. The Family We spend tons of time with them The more time, the more influence

11. Why Family is Important Socio-economic status Primacy Principle Structuring Principle It Ebbs as we get older

12. What We Take out of it: Party ID We often get our parents partisanship Values

13. What about Schools Teach the status quo Correlate with our parents Ritualizes Nationalism

14. The First Things We Learn Little kids confuse political and religious authority The Flag is Good

15. Early Childhood The President Police Neither can do wrong

16. Later On We learn more concepts Government as civics lesson We get more cynical

17. Off To College The Percentage of people going to college continues to rise College often correlates with parents SES

18. The College Effect

19. The role of your professors

20. The Role of Peers Often Reinforce our Parents views We do not tend to discuss politics Our friends often share our SES and values

21. Work Peers We work with people like us They share our SES Our views are unlikely to change

22. The Mass Media and Political Socialization We Receive a lot of information Not all of it sticks Those who could learn the most, watch the least

23. We Are Pretty Clueless

24. So What often shapes our views Projection Adoption Partisanship

25. DETERMINING POLITICAL OPINION

26. America is Obsessed with Polling Why Polls – Raise issues – Gauge support – Get specific opinions Everyone Uses them – Candidates – Media – Elected officials

27. The GOP

28. What is Sampling? selecting a representative part of a population To determine parameters of the whole population.

29. The Concept of Sampling Blood Tests Food Tests

30. The Practicality of Sampling Time Money Size

31. How Can a Survey of 1000 People Represent 200 Million? Responses Cancel each other out No New opinions are added

32. KINDS OF SAMPLES

33. Convenience Samples Super-Fast Pick easy targets Find the first 100 people

34. Judgment Samples Find People who Match your criteria Find the first 1000 college kids

35. Self Selected Samples People Choose to Be in the Sample Certain people have much more incentive to participate Call-in, internet, text

36. TELEPHONE SURVEYS The Best Way to do it

37. Why Phones? Fast Cheap Representative

38. Why Not Phones Low Response Rate Not everyone has a phone

40. PROBLEMS OF SAMPLING

41. No Sample is Perfect All samples have error Large Samples= Less Error

42. All Voters< Registered Voters< Likely Voters

43. Poorly Designed Samples 10 million ballots distributed 2.2 Million Responses Alf Landon Will defeat FDR (by a landslide)

44. Stopping too Soon It was a close election They stopped polling They picked the wrong people

45. Question Bias Leading Questions Double Barreled Questions

46. A Bad Question If you had to make up the SEU Budget, and could only keep one of the following activities which of the items would you keep? a. Faculty Lunch Colloquium b. Expanded Library Hours c. Reduced Parking Rates for International Students d. Discounted tickets for Topper Club members

47. Liars Socially Acceptable Questions Always Remember Homer Simpson's Code of the SchoolyardSchoolyard – Don't tattle – Always make fun of those different from you. – Never say anything, unless you're sure everyone feels exactly the same way you do.

48. Always Check Who sponsored the poll How they got the sample How big was the sample

49. IS GOVERNMENT RESPONSIVE TO PUBLIC OPINION

50. Do they Listen? Government responds to opinion 2/3 of the time Sometimes they do not listen to public opinion

51. Why Not? General vs. Intense opinion Voting vs general public Opinion is only one form of participation

52. Opinions can change quickly

53. We Give answers to anything