1. חלקיק טעון בשדה אלקטרומגנטי

7. 1D electric field Constant electric field Potential electric field

8. Constant magnetic field NR

9. Constant perpendicular fields Change frame

11. Drifts (NR)

13. Gradient drift

14. Curvature drift

16. Drift currents: gg rgrg At y=0, for any given particle we have: where : is the Assume to lowest order f is independent of  g, and dependent just on y.

17. is the phase space density of particles whos gyro center is y gc and gyro phase is  g. Assume to lowest order f is independent of  g, and dependent just on y. Note that the drift current does not depend on the particle’s charge, just on their mass.

18. Adiabatic invariants 1

19. Adiabatic invariants 1I

20. Adiabatic invariants III

21. First invariant

22. Magnetic bottle and loss cone

23. Second invariant Fermi acceleration

24. Third invariant drift shell orbits

28. nonadiabatic examples 1. shock transition 2. inhomogeneous E

29. Coulomb collisions

30. תדירות ההתנגשויות

31. runaway

32. 1. Charged particle in a planar electromagnetic wave (relativistic) a) linear polarization b) circular polarization 2. Van Allen belt currents 3. Curvature drift in pulsars 4. Gyroradii of cosmic rays near Earth