2. FC. 115 THE MARXIST VIEW OF HISTORY & ITS IMPACT Slave society w/more conflict b/w slave & master as wealth increases Feudal soc. w/conflict b/w serf & lord Primitive society w/o any excess wealth  no class conflicts Some owners survive while others don’t  Increasingly smaller class of owners who individually are much richer To stay competitive, they invest in more efficient, but expensive machinery  Must layoff workers Transitional govt. that will eventually evolve into ideal socialist society: No social classes or conflicts No need for govt., family, or religion No private property Marxism successful in some ways but not in others: Pointed out the role of economics & class struggle in history Marxist rev’s happened in pre- indus., not ind. soc’s Caused many govt. reforms both for & vs. Marxism Indiv. genius, greed, stupidity, etc. not accounted for Growing class of poor unable to support themselves or capitalist econ  Workers’ rev. overthrows capitalism. Capitalist society  conflict between owners & workers Owners charge more for their goods than they paid Ind. Rev.  Social problems (FC.113) Ind. Rev.  Social problems (FC.113) MARX SEES HISTORY AS EVOLVING THROUGH A SERIES OF ECONOMIC STAGES CHARACTERIZED BY CLASS STRUGGLES:

3. Hi kids, I’m Karl Marx. I’m here to teach you about Communism and the coming workers’ revolution that will rule the world

4. But first, for those of you Who don’t believe we’ll soon rule the world, just watch this:

9. Now are you scared? Then listen up while I show you how it’s all gonna happen.

10. First, let’s define the basic principle of Socialism. How about this for starters: From each according to his ability, to each according to his need

11. There were early reformers, such as Charles Fourier, who had idealistic ideas about everyone coming together to live & work in harmony on their own.

12. Everyone would find their own natural way to contribute to the common good. For instance, children like playing in the dirt, so they’ll take out the garbage. I call them Utopian Socialists, which is why I’m talking about them in this fluffy cloud

13. But we’re here to talk about Communism, or Marxism, as some people like to call it. Very flattering, I must say. One way people like to describe Marxism is that it’s just Socialism in a hurry. That’s just a little joke. Hee hee.

14. Speaking of jokes, you know the difference between Capitalism and Communism? In capitalism, man exploits his fellow man, but in Communism, it’s the other way around. Har har. But seriously let’s get to work.

15. For one thing, let’s keep in mind that Socialism of whatever vein, was a reaction to the very real problems encountered in early industrial factories and an attempt to correct some very serious injustices. In case you’ve forgotten, Here’s a little something to jolt your stupid little capitalist bourgeois pig memories.

22. In reaction to these horrible conditions, I published The Communist Manifesto in 1848, the same year as all those Revolutions.

23. Later I worked on a much more comprehensive work, Das Kapital. However, I only finished the first of 3 volumes because, unfortunately, I died in 1886. Bummer. I hate it when that happens. Luckily, my good friend & colleague, Friedrich Engels, finished the book according to my notes.

24. Now, all my ideas together are much too complicated for your puny little bourgeois brains, so I’ll just touch on the highlights, in particular, my views on history & the world-wide workers’ revolution to come.

25. One idea we need to get clear is a little something close to my heart called Economic Determinism: the belief that a society’s economic structure determines its social, & political structure, as well as its culture & history

26. But remember, this isn’t just something that would be nice if it happened.

27. IT’S INEVITABLE!

28. But for now, I’ll turn things over to Mr. B. because I never could get the hang of those flowcharts.

29. Thanks, Karl.

30. -Socialism: MARX SEES HISTORY AS EVOLVING THROUGH A SERIES OF ECONOMIC STAGES CHARACTERIZED BY CLASS STRUGGLES: FC. 115 THE MARXIST VIEW OF HISTORY & ITS IMPACT

31. -Socialism: From each according to his ability, to each acc. to his need MARX SEES HISTORY AS EVOLVING THROUGH A SERIES OF ECONOMIC STAGES CHARACTERIZED BY CLASS STRUGGLES: FC. 115 THE MARXIST VIEW OF HISTORY & ITS IMPACT

32. -Socialism: From each according to his ability, to each acc. to his need - Early idealistic attempts MARX SEES HISTORY AS EVOLVING THROUGH A SERIES OF ECONOMIC STAGES CHARACTERIZED BY CLASS STRUGGLES: FC. 115 THE MARXIST VIEW OF HISTORY & ITS IMPACT

33. -Socialism: From each according to his ability, to each acc. to his need - Early idealistic attempts -Marxism: Radical socialism or socialism in a hurry MARX SEES HISTORY AS EVOLVING THROUGH A SERIES OF ECONOMIC STAGES CHARACTERIZED BY CLASS STRUGGLES: FC. 115 THE MARXIST VIEW OF HISTORY & ITS IMPACT

34. -Socialism: From each according to his ability, to each acc. to his need - Early idealistic attempts -Marxism: Radical socialism or socialism in a hurry Karl Marx MARX SEES HISTORY AS EVOLVING THROUGH A SERIES OF ECONOMIC STAGES CHARACTERIZED BY CLASS STRUGGLES: FC. 115 THE MARXIST VIEW OF HISTORY & ITS IMPACT

35. -Socialism: From each according to his ability, to each acc. to his need - Early idealistic attempts -Marxism: Radical socialism or socialism in a hurry Karl Marx - Communist Manifesto (1848) MARX SEES HISTORY AS EVOLVING THROUGH A SERIES OF ECONOMIC STAGES CHARACTERIZED BY CLASS STRUGGLES: FC. 115 THE MARXIST VIEW OF HISTORY & ITS IMPACT

36. MARX SEES HISTORY AS EVOLVING THROUGH A SERIES OF ECONOMIC STAGES CHARACTERIZED BY CLASS STRUGGLES: FC. 115 THE MARXIST VIEW OF HISTORY & ITS IMPACT -Socialism: From each according to his ability, to each acc. to his need - Early idealistic attempts -Marxism: Radical socialism or socialism in a hurry Karl Marx - Communist Manifesto (1848) Not just a nice thing to happen, but…?

37. -Socialism: From each according to his ability, to each acc. to his need - Early idealistic attempts -Marxism: Radical socialism or socialism in a hurry Karl Marx - Communist Manifesto (1848) -Not just a nice thing to happen, but inevitable in that order MARX SEES HISTORY AS EVOLVING THROUGH A SERIES OF ECONOMIC STAGES CHARACTERIZED BY CLASS STRUGGLES: FC. 115 THE MARXIST VIEW OF HISTORY & ITS IMPACT

38. -Socialism: From each according to his ability, to each acc. to his need - Early idealistic attempts -Marxism: Radical socialism or socialism in a hurry Karl Marx - Communist Manifesto (1848) -Not just a nice thing to happen, but inevitable in that order -Econ. Determinism: MARX SEES HISTORY AS EVOLVING THROUGH A SERIES OF ECONOMIC STAGES CHARACTERIZED BY CLASS STRUGGLES: FC. 115 THE MARXIST VIEW OF HISTORY & ITS IMPACT

39. -Socialism: From each according to his ability, to each acc. to his need - Early idealistic attempts -Marxism: Radical socialism or socialism in a hurry Karl Marx - Communist Manifesto (1848) -Not just a nice thing to happen, but inevitable in that order -Econ. Determinism: a soc’s ec structure determines its soc. structure, culture, & history MARX SEES HISTORY AS EVOLVING THROUGH A SERIES OF ECONOMIC STAGES CHARACTERIZED BY CLASS STRUGGLES: FC. 115 THE MARXIST VIEW OF HISTORY & ITS IMPACT

40. Friedrich Hegel, whose idea of history as a cyclical process of Thesis-> Antithesis-> Synthesis heavily influenced Marx’s own theories. However, Hegel’s ideas concerned spiritual evolution, Marx’s were material, being described as material dialecticism.

41. Primitive society w/o any excess wealth  no class conflicts MARX SEES HISTORY AS EVOLVING THROUGH A SERIES OF ECONOMIC STAGES CHARACTERIZED BY CLASS STRUGGLES: FC. 115 THE MARXIST VIEW OF HISTORY & ITS IMPACT -Socialism: From each according to his ability, to each acc. to his need - Early idealistic attempts -Marxism: Radical socialism or socialism in a hurry Karl Marx - Communist Manifesto (1848) -Not just a nice thing to happen, but inevitable in that order -Econ. Determinism: a soc’s ec structure determines its soc. structure, culture, & history First stage of history?

42. -Socialism: From each according to his ability, to each acc. to his need - Early idealistic attempts -Marxism: Radical socialism or socialism in a hurry Karl Marx - Communist Manifesto (1848) -Not just a nice thing to happen, but inevitable in that order -Econ. Determinism: a soc’s ec structure determines its soc. structure, culture, & history Primitive society w/o any excess wealth  class conflicts? MARX SEES HISTORY AS EVOLVING THROUGH A SERIES OF ECONOMIC STAGES CHARACTERIZED BY CLASS STRUGGLES: FC. 115 THE MARXIST VIEW OF HISTORY & ITS IMPACT

43. Feudal soc. w/conflict b/w serf & lord Primitive society w/o any excess wealth  no class conflicts MARX SEES HISTORY AS EVOLVING THROUGH A SERIES OF ECONOMIC STAGES CHARACTERIZED BY CLASS STRUGGLES: FC. 115 THE MARXIST VIEW OF HISTORY & ITS IMPACT -Socialism: From each according to his ability, to each acc. to his need - Early idealistic attempts -Marxism: Radical socialism or socialism in a hurry Karl Marx - Communist Manifesto (1848) -Not just a nice thing to happen, but inevitable in that order -Econ. Determinism: a soc’s ec structure determines its soc. structure, culture, & history Next stage w/conflict between?

44. Slave society w/more conflict b/w slave & master as wealth increases Feudal soc. w/conflict b/w serf & lord Primitive society w/o any excess wealth  no class conflicts MARX SEES HISTORY AS EVOLVING THROUGH A SERIES OF ECONOMIC STAGES CHARACTERIZED BY CLASS STRUGGLES: FC. 115 THE MARXIST VIEW OF HISTORY & ITS IMPACT -Socialism: From each according to his ability, to each acc. to his need - Early idealistic attempts -Marxism: Radical socialism or socialism in a hurry Karl Marx - Communist Manifesto (1848) -Not just a nice thing to happen, but inevitable in that order -Econ. Determinism: a soc’s ec structure determines its soc. structure, culture, & history Next stage w/conflict between?

45. -Socialism: From each according to his ability, to each acc. to his need - Early idealistic attempts -Marxism: Radical socialism or socialism in a hurry Karl Marx - Communist Manifesto (1848) -Not just a nice thing to happen, but inevitable in that order -Econ. Determinism: a soc’s ec structure determines its soc. structure, culture, & history Slave society w/more conflict b/w slave & master as wealth increases Feudal soc. w/conflict b/w serf & lord Primitive society w/o any excess wealth  no class conflicts MARX SEES HISTORY AS EVOLVING THROUGH A SERIES OF ECONOMIC STAGES CHARACTERIZED BY CLASS STRUGGLES: FC. 115 THE MARXIST VIEW OF HISTORY & ITS IMPACT

46. Slave society w/more conflict b/w slave & master as wealth increases Feudal soc. w/conflict b/w serf & lord Primitive society w/o any excess wealth  no class conflicts Capitalist society  conflict between owners & workers Ind. Rev.  Social problems (FC.113) Ind. Rev.  Social problems (FC.113) MARX SEES HISTORY AS EVOLVING THROUGH A SERIES OF ECONOMIC STAGES CHARACTERIZED BY CLASS STRUGGLES: FC. 115 THE MARXIST VIEW OF HISTORY & ITS IMPACT -Socialism: From each according to his ability, to each acc. to his need - Early idealistic attempts -Marxism: Radical socialism or socialism in a hurry Karl Marx - Communist Manifesto (1848) -Not just a nice thing to happen, but inevitable in that order -Econ. Determinism: a soc’s ec structure determines its soc. structure, culture, & history Next stage w/conflict between?

47. -Socialism: From each according to his ability, to each acc. to his need - Early idealistic attempts -Marxism: Radical socialism or socialism in a hurry Karl Marx - Communist Manifesto (1848) -Not just a nice thing to happen, but inevitable in that order -Econ. Determinism: a soc’s ec structure determines its soc. structure, culture, & history Slave society w/more conflict b/w slave & master as wealth increases Feudal soc. w/conflict b/w serf & lord Primitive society w/o any excess wealth  no class conflicts Capitalist society  conflict between owners & workers Ind. Rev.  Social problems (FC.113) Ind. Rev.  Social problems (FC.113) MARX SEES HISTORY AS EVOLVING THROUGH A SERIES OF ECONOMIC STAGES CHARACTERIZED BY CLASS STRUGGLES: FC. 115 THE MARXIST VIEW OF HISTORY & ITS IMPACT

48. Before going on, we need to discuss a little something called the Labor Theory of Value. Does anyone know what that is?

49. That’s right! Very simply, it means that a product is only worth what the workers were paid to produce it.

50. So what do we call the extra money the bourgeois capitalist pig charges beyond that? Come on, you bunch of bourgeois toadies. Someone must know the answer.

51. Right again! Surplus value. And this is where we get to the fatal flaw in the Capitalist system that will eventually cause it to destroy itself. And for that vicious cycle, I turn it back to Mr. B.

52. Thanks again Karl.

53. Slave society w/more conflict b/w slave & master as wealth increases Feudal soc. w/conflict b/w serf & lord Primitive society w/o any excess wealth  no class conflicts Capitalist society  conflict between owners & workers Ind. Rev.  Social problems (FC.113) Ind. Rev.  Social problems (FC.113) MARX SEES HISTORY AS EVOLVING THROUGH A SERIES OF ECONOMIC STAGES CHARACTERIZED BY CLASS STRUGGLES: FC. 115 THE MARXIST VIEW OF HISTORY & ITS IMPACT -Socialism: From each according to his ability, to each acc. to his need - Early idealistic attempts -Marxism: Radical socialism or socialism in a hurry Karl Marx - Communist Manifesto (1848) -Not just a nice thing to happen, but inevitable in that order -Econ. Determinism: a soc’s ec structure determines its soc. structure, culture, & history Labor theory of value: A product is only worth as much as workers are paid -Surplus value: Price charged over what workers are paid How much do owners charge for their goods?

54. Slave society w/more conflict b/w slave & master as wealth increases Feudal soc. w/conflict b/w serf & lord Primitive society w/o any excess wealth  no class conflicts Capitalist society  conflict between owners & workers Owners charge more for their goods than they paid Ind. Rev.  Social problems (FC.113) Ind. Rev.  Social problems (FC.113) MARX SEES HISTORY AS EVOLVING THROUGH A SERIES OF ECONOMIC STAGES CHARACTERIZED BY CLASS STRUGGLES: FC. 115 THE MARXIST VIEW OF HISTORY & ITS IMPACT -Socialism: From each according to his ability, to each acc. to his need - Early idealistic attempts -Marxism: Radical socialism or socialism in a hurry Karl Marx - Communist Manifesto (1848) -Not just a nice thing to happen, but inevitable in that order -Econ. Determinism: a soc’s ec structure determines its soc. structure, culture, & history Labor theory of value: A product is only worth as much as workers are paid -Surplus value: Price charged over what workers are paid So what happens to some owners?

55. Slave society w/more conflict b/w slave & master as wealth increases Feudal soc. w/conflict b/w serf & lord Primitive society w/o any excess wealth  no class conflicts Some owners survive while others don’t  Increasingly smaller class of owners who individually are much richer To stay competitive, they invest in more efficient, but expensive machinery  Must layoff workers Capitalist society  conflict between owners & workers Owners charge more for their goods than they paid Ind. Rev.  Social problems (FC.113) Ind. Rev.  Social problems (FC.113) MARX SEES HISTORY AS EVOLVING THROUGH A SERIES OF ECONOMIC STAGES CHARACTERIZED BY CLASS STRUGGLES: FC. 115 THE MARXIST VIEW OF HISTORY & ITS IMPACT -Socialism: From each according to his ability, to each acc. to his need - Early idealistic attempts -Marxism: Radical socialism or socialism in a hurry Karl Marx - Communist Manifesto (1848) -Not just a nice thing to happen, but inevitable in that order -Econ. Determinism: a soc’s ec structure determines its soc. structure, culture, & history Labor theory of value: A product is only worth as much as workers are paid -Surplus value: Price charged over what workers are paid Some owners survive while others don’t  Size of the owner class & their individual fortunes?

56. Slave society w/more conflict b/w slave & master as wealth increases Feudal soc. w/conflict b/w serf & lord Primitive society w/o any excess wealth  no class conflicts Some owners survive while others don’t  Increasingly smaller class of owners who individually are much richer To stay competitive, they invest in more efficient, but expensive machinery  Must layoff workers Capitalist society  conflict between owners & workers Owners charge more for their goods than they paid Ind. Rev.  Social problems (FC.113) Ind. Rev.  Social problems (FC.113) MARX SEES HISTORY AS EVOLVING THROUGH A SERIES OF ECONOMIC STAGES CHARACTERIZED BY CLASS STRUGGLES: FC. 115 THE MARXIST VIEW OF HISTORY & ITS IMPACT -Socialism: From each according to his ability, to each acc. to his need - Early idealistic attempts -Marxism: Radical socialism or socialism in a hurry Karl Marx - Communist Manifesto (1848) -Not just a nice thing to happen, but inevitable in that order -Econ. Determinism: a soc’s ec structure determines its soc. structure, culture, & history Labor theory of value: A product is only worth as much as workers are paid -Surplus value: Price charged over what workers are paid To stay efficient & competitive, what do they invest in?

57. Slave society w/more conflict b/w slave & master as wealth increases Feudal soc. w/conflict b/w serf & lord Primitive society w/o any excess wealth  no class conflicts Some owners survive while others don’t  Increasingly smaller class of owners who individually are much richer To stay competitive, they invest in more efficient, but expensive machinery  Must layoff workers Capitalist society  conflict between owners & workers Owners charge more for their goods than they paid Ind. Rev.  Social problems (FC.113) Ind. Rev.  Social problems (FC.113) MARX SEES HISTORY AS EVOLVING THROUGH A SERIES OF ECONOMIC STAGES CHARACTERIZED BY CLASS STRUGGLES: FC. 115 THE MARXIST VIEW OF HISTORY & ITS IMPACT -Socialism: From each according to his ability, to each acc. to his need - Early idealistic attempts -Marxism: Radical socialism or socialism in a hurry Karl Marx - Communist Manifesto (1848) -Not just a nice thing to happen, but inevitable in that order -Econ. Determinism: a soc’s ec structure determines its soc. structure, culture, & history Labor theory of value: A product is only worth as much as workers are paid -Surplus value: Price charged over what workers are paid To stay competitive, they invest in more efficient, but expensive machinery  Impact on workers?

58. Slave society w/more conflict b/w slave & master as wealth increases Feudal soc. w/conflict b/w serf & lord Primitive society w/o any excess wealth  no class conflicts Some owners survive while others don’t  Increasingly smaller class of owners who individually are much richer To stay competitive, they invest in more efficient, but expensive machinery  Must layoff workers Capitalist society  conflict between owners & workers Owners charge more for their goods than they paid Ind. Rev.  Social problems (FC.113) Ind. Rev.  Social problems (FC.113) MARX SEES HISTORY AS EVOLVING THROUGH A SERIES OF ECONOMIC STAGES CHARACTERIZED BY CLASS STRUGGLES: FC. 115 THE MARXIST VIEW OF HISTORY & ITS IMPACT -Socialism: From each according to his ability, to each acc. to his need - Early idealistic attempts -Marxism: Radical socialism or socialism in a hurry Karl Marx - Communist Manifesto (1848) -Not just a nice thing to happen, but inevitable in that order -Econ. Determinism: a soc’s ec structure determines its soc. structure, culture, & history Labor theory of value: A product is only worth as much as workers are paid -Surplus value: Price charged over what workers are paid Ability of the working class to support themselves & capitalist econ?

59. -Socialism: From each according to his ability, to each acc. to his need - Early idealistic attempts -Marxism: Radical socialism or socialism in a hurry Karl Marx - Communist Manifesto (1848) -Not just a nice thing to happen, but inevitable in that order -Econ. Determinism: a soc’s ec structure determines its soc. structure, culture, & history Labor theory of value: A product is only worth as much as workers are paid -Surplus value: Price charged over what workers are paid -Rev  Slave society w/more conflict b/w slave & master as wealth increases Feudal soc. w/conflict b/w serf & lord Primitive society w/o any excess wealth  no class conflicts Some owners survive while others don’t  Increasingly smaller class of owners who individually are much richer To stay competitive, they invest in more efficient, but expensive machinery  Must layoff workers Growing class of poor unable to support themselves or capitalist econ  ? Capitalist society  conflict between owners & workers Owners charge more for their goods than they paid Ind. Rev.  Social problems (FC.113) Ind. Rev.  Social problems (FC.113) MARX SEES HISTORY AS EVOLVING THROUGH A SERIES OF ECONOMIC STAGES CHARACTERIZED BY CLASS STRUGGLES: FC. 115 THE MARXIST VIEW OF HISTORY & ITS IMPACT

60. -Socialism: From each according to his ability, to each acc. to his need - Early idealistic attempts -Marxism: Radical socialism or socialism in a hurry Karl Marx - Communist Manifesto (1848) -Not just a nice thing to happen, but inevitable in that order -Econ. Determinism: a soc’s ec structure determines its soc. structure, culture, & history Labor theory of value: A product is only worth as much as workers are paid -Surplus value: Price charged over what workers are paid -Rev  Slave society w/more conflict b/w slave & master as wealth increases Feudal soc. w/conflict b/w serf & lord Primitive society w/o any excess wealth  no class conflicts Some owners survive while others don’t  Increasingly smaller class of owners who individually are much richer To stay competitive, they invest in more efficient, but expensive machinery  Must layoff workers Growing class of poor unable to support themselves or capitalist econ  Workers’ rev. overthrows capitalism. Capitalist society  conflict between owners & workers Owners charge more for their goods than they paid Ind. Rev.  Social problems (FC.113) Ind. Rev.  Social problems (FC.113) MARX SEES HISTORY AS EVOLVING THROUGH A SERIES OF ECONOMIC STAGES CHARACTERIZED BY CLASS STRUGGLES: FC. 115 THE MARXIST VIEW OF HISTORY & ITS IMPACT

61. Slave society w/more conflict b/w slave & master as wealth increases Feudal soc. w/conflict b/w serf & lord Primitive society w/o any excess wealth  no class conflicts Some owners survive while others don’t  Increasingly smaller class of owners who individually are much richer To stay competitive, they invest in more efficient, but expensive machinery  Must layoff workers What will immediately take place? No social classes or conflicts No need for govt., family, or religion No private property Growing class of poor unable to support themselves or capitalist econ  Workers’ rev. overthrows capitalism. Capitalist society  conflict between owners & workers Owners charge more for their goods than they paid Ind. Rev.  Social problems (FC.113) Ind. Rev.  Social problems (FC.113) MARX SEES HISTORY AS EVOLVING THROUGH A SERIES OF ECONOMIC STAGES CHARACTERIZED BY CLASS STRUGGLES: FC. 115 THE MARXIST VIEW OF HISTORY & ITS IMPACT -Socialism: From each according to his ability, to each acc. to his need - Early idealistic attempts -Marxism: Radical socialism or socialism in a hurry Karl Marx - Communist Manifesto (1848) -Not just a nice thing to happen, but inevitable in that order -Econ. Determinism: a soc’s ec structure determines its soc. structure, culture, & history Labor theory of value: A product is only worth as much as workers are paid -Surplus value: Price charged over what workers are paid -Rev  Utopia (no rich, no poor)

62. Slave society w/more conflict b/w slave & master as wealth increases Feudal soc. w/conflict b/w serf & lord Primitive society w/o any excess wealth  no class conflicts Some owners survive while others don’t  Increasingly smaller class of owners who individually are much richer To stay competitive, they invest in more efficient, but expensive machinery  Must layoff workers Transitional govt. that will eventually evolve into ideal socialist society: No social classes or conflicts No need for govt., family, or religion No private property Growing class of poor unable to support themselves or capitalist econ  Workers’ rev. overthrows capitalism. Capitalist society  conflict between owners & workers Owners charge more for their goods than they paid Ind. Rev.  Social problems (FC.113) Ind. Rev.  Social problems (FC.113) MARX SEES HISTORY AS EVOLVING THROUGH A SERIES OF ECONOMIC STAGES CHARACTERIZED BY CLASS STRUGGLES: FC. 115 THE MARXIST VIEW OF HISTORY & ITS IMPACT Social classes & conflicts? -Socialism: From each according to his ability, to each acc. to his need - Early idealistic attempts -Marxism: Radical socialism or socialism in a hurry Karl Marx - Communist Manifesto (1848) -Not just a nice thing to happen, but inevitable in that order -Econ. Determinism: a soc’s ec structure determines its soc. structure, culture, & history Labor theory of value: A product is only worth as much as workers are paid -Surplus value: Price charged over what workers are paid -Rev  Utopia (no rich, no poor)

63. Slave society w/more conflict b/w slave & master as wealth increases Feudal soc. w/conflict b/w serf & lord Primitive society w/o any excess wealth  no class conflicts Some owners survive while others don’t  Increasingly smaller class of owners who individually are much richer To stay competitive, they invest in more efficient, but expensive machinery  Must layoff workers Transitional govt. that will eventually evolve into ideal socialist society: No social classes or conflicts No need for govt., family, or religion No private property Growing class of poor unable to support themselves or capitalist econ  Workers’ rev. overthrows capitalism. Capitalist society  conflict between owners & workers Owners charge more for their goods than they paid Ind. Rev.  Social problems (FC.113) Ind. Rev.  Social problems (FC.113) MARX SEES HISTORY AS EVOLVING THROUGH A SERIES OF ECONOMIC STAGES CHARACTERIZED BY CLASS STRUGGLES: FC. 115 THE MARXIST VIEW OF HISTORY & ITS IMPACT Private prop.? -Socialism: From each according to his ability, to each acc. to his need - Early idealistic attempts -Marxism: Radical socialism or socialism in a hurry Karl Marx - Communist Manifesto (1848) -Not just a nice thing to happen, but inevitable in that order -Econ. Determinism: a soc’s ec structure determines its soc. structure, culture, & history Labor theory of value: A product is only worth as much as workers are paid -Surplus value: Price charged over what workers are paid -Rev  Utopia (no rich, no poor)

64. Slave society w/more conflict b/w slave & master as wealth increases Feudal soc. w/conflict b/w serf & lord Primitive society w/o any excess wealth  no class conflicts Some owners survive while others don’t  Increasingly smaller class of owners who individually are much richer To stay competitive, they invest in more efficient, but expensive machinery  Must layoff workers Transitional govt. that will eventually evolve into ideal socialist society: No social classes or conflicts No need for govt., family, or religion No private property Growing class of poor unable to support themselves or capitalist econ  Workers’ rev. overthrows capitalism. Capitalist society  conflict between owners & workers Owners charge more for their goods than they paid Ind. Rev.  Social problems (FC.113) Ind. Rev.  Social problems (FC.113) MARX SEES HISTORY AS EVOLVING THROUGH A SERIES OF ECONOMIC STAGES CHARACTERIZED BY CLASS STRUGGLES: FC. 115 THE MARXIST VIEW OF HISTORY & ITS IMPACT Govt., family, & religion? -Socialism: From each according to his ability, to each acc. to his need - Early idealistic attempts -Marxism: Radical socialism or socialism in a hurry Karl Marx - Communist Manifesto (1848) -Not just a nice thing to happen, but inevitable in that order -Econ. Determinism: a soc’s ec structure determines its soc. structure, culture, & history Labor theory of value: A product is only worth as much as workers are paid -Surplus value: Price charged over what workers are paid -Rev  Utopia (no rich, no poor)

65. Slave society w/more conflict b/w slave & master as wealth increases Feudal soc. w/conflict b/w serf & lord Primitive society w/o any excess wealth  no class conflicts Some owners survive while others don’t  Increasingly smaller class of owners who individually are much richer To stay competitive, they invest in more efficient, but expensive machinery  Must layoff workers Transitional govt. that will eventually evolve into ideal socialist society: No social classes or conflicts No need for govt., family, or religion No private property Growing class of poor unable to support themselves or capitalist econ  Workers’ rev. overthrows capitalism. Capitalist society  conflict between owners & workers Owners charge more for their goods than they paid Ind. Rev.  Social problems (FC.113) Ind. Rev.  Social problems (FC.113) MARX SEES HISTORY AS EVOLVING THROUGH A SERIES OF ECONOMIC STAGES CHARACTERIZED BY CLASS STRUGGLES: FC. 115 THE MARXIST VIEW OF HISTORY & ITS IMPACT -Socialism: From each according to his ability, to each acc. to his need - Early idealistic attempts -Marxism: Radical socialism or socialism in a hurry Karl Marx - Communist Manifesto (1848) -Not just a nice thing to happen, but inevitable in that order -Econ. Determinism: a soc’s ec structure determines its soc. structure, culture, & history Labor theory of value: A product is only worth as much as workers are paid -Surplus value: Price charged over what workers are paid -Rev  Utopia (no rich, no poor)

66. -Socialism: From each according to his ability, to each acc. to his need - Early idealistic attempts -Marxism: Radical socialism or socialism in a hurry Karl Marx - Communist Manifesto (1848) -Not just a nice thing to happen, but inevitable in that order -Econ. Determinism: a soc’s ec structure determines its soc. structure, culture, & history Labor theory of value: A product is only worth as much as workers are paid -Surplus value: Price charged over what workers are paid -Rev  Utopia (no rich, no poor)  We're so happy Slave society w/more conflict b/w slave & master as wealth increases Feudal soc. w/conflict b/w serf & lord Primitive society w/o any excess wealth  no class conflicts Some owners survive while others don’t  Increasingly smaller class of owners who individually are much richer To stay competitive, they invest in more efficient, but expensive machinery  Must layoff workers Transitional govt. that will eventually evolve into ideal socialist society: No social classes or conflicts No need for govt., family, or religion No private property Growing class of poor unable to support themselves or capitalist econ  Workers’ rev. overthrows capitalism. Capitalist society  conflict between owners & workers Owners charge more for their goods than they paid Ind. Rev.  Social problems (FC.113) Ind. Rev.  Social problems (FC.113) MARX SEES HISTORY AS EVOLVING THROUGH A SERIES OF ECONOMIC STAGES CHARACTERIZED BY CLASS STRUGGLES: FC. 115 THE MARXIST VIEW OF HISTORY & ITS IMPACT

67. -Socialism: From each according to his ability, to each acc. to his need - Early idealistic attempts -Marxism: Radical socialism or socialism in a hurry Karl Marx - Communist Manifesto (1848) -Not just a nice thing to happen, but inevitable in that order -Econ. Determinism: a soc’s ec structure determines its soc. structure, culture, & history Labor theory of value: A product is only worth as much as workers are paid -Surplus value: Price charged over what workers are paid -Rev  Utopia (no rich, no poor)  We're so happy  We'll explode Slave society w/more conflict b/w slave & master as wealth increases Feudal soc. w/conflict b/w serf & lord Primitive society w/o any excess wealth  no class conflicts Some owners survive while others don’t  Increasingly smaller class of owners who individually are much richer To stay competitive, they invest in more efficient, but expensive machinery  Must layoff workers Transitional govt. that will eventually evolve into ideal socialist society: No social classes or conflicts No need for govt., family, or religion No private property Growing class of poor unable to support themselves or capitalist econ  Workers’ rev. overthrows capitalism. Capitalist society  conflict between owners & workers Owners charge more for their goods than they paid Ind. Rev.  Social problems (FC.113) Ind. Rev.  Social problems (FC.113) MARX SEES HISTORY AS EVOLVING THROUGH A SERIES OF ECONOMIC STAGES CHARACTERIZED BY CLASS STRUGGLES: FC. 115 THE MARXIST VIEW OF HISTORY & ITS IMPACT

68. This is the part I can’t stand, When those filthy capitalist pigs critique me.

69. Slave society w/more conflict b/w slave & master as wealth increases Feudal soc. w/conflict b/w serf & lord Primitive society w/o any excess wealth  no class conflicts Some owners survive while others don’t  Increasingly smaller class of owners who individually are much richer To stay competitive, they invest in more efficient, but expensive machinery  Must layoff workers Transitional govt. that will eventually evolve into ideal socialist society: No social classes or conflicts No need for govt., family, or religion No private property Marxism successful in some ways but not in others: Pointed out the role of economics & class struggle in history Marxist rev’s happened in pre- indus., not ind. soc’s Caused many govt. reforms both for & vs. Marxism Indiv. genius, greed, stupidity, etc. not accounted for Growing class of poor unable to support themselves or capitalist econ  Workers’ rev. overthrows capitalism. Capitalist society  conflict between owners & workers Owners charge more for their goods than they paid Ind. Rev.  Social problems (FC.113) Ind. Rev.  Social problems (FC.113) MARX SEES HISTORY AS EVOLVING THROUGH A SERIES OF ECONOMIC STAGES CHARACTERIZED BY CLASS STRUGGLES: -Socialism: From each according to his ability, to each acc. to his need - Early idealistic attempts -Marxism: Radical socialism or socialism in a hurry Karl Marx - Communist Manifesto (1848) -Not just a nice thing to happen, but inevitable in that order -Econ. Determinism: a soc’s ec structure determines its soc. structure, culture, & history Labor theory of value: A product is only worth as much as workers are paid -Surplus value: Price charged over what workers are paid -Rev  Utopia (no rich, no poor)  We're so happy  We'll explode What did Marx fail to take into account? FC. 115 THE MARXIST VIEW OF HISTORY & ITS IMPACT

70. Slave society w/more conflict b/w slave & master as wealth increases Feudal soc. w/conflict b/w serf & lord Primitive society w/o any excess wealth  no class conflicts Some owners survive while others don’t  Increasingly smaller class of owners who individually are much richer To stay competitive, they invest in more efficient, but expensive machinery  Must layoff workers Transitional govt. that will eventually evolve into ideal socialist society: No social classes or conflicts No need for govt., family, or religion No private property Marxism successful in some ways but not in others: Pointed out the role of economics & class struggle in history Marxist rev’s happened in pre- indus., not ind. soc’s Caused many govt. reforms both for & vs. Marxism Indiv. genius, greed, stupidity, etc. not accounted for Growing class of poor unable to support themselves or capitalist econ  Workers’ rev. overthrows capitalism. Capitalist society  conflict between owners & workers Owners charge more for their goods than they paid Ind. Rev.  Social problems (FC.113) Ind. Rev.  Social problems (FC.113) MARX SEES HISTORY AS EVOLVING THROUGH A SERIES OF ECONOMIC STAGES CHARACTERIZED BY CLASS STRUGGLES: -Socialism: From each according to his ability, to each acc. to his need - Early idealistic attempts -Marxism: Radical socialism or socialism in a hurry Karl Marx - Communist Manifesto (1848) -Not just a nice thing to happen, but inevitable in that order -Econ. Determinism: a soc’s ec structure determines its soc. structure, culture, & history Labor theory of value: A product is only worth as much as workers are paid -Surplus value: Price charged over what workers are paid -Rev  Utopia (no rich, no poor)  We're so happy  We'll explode Even w/o rev’s, what did Marxism accomplish? FC. 115 THE MARXIST VIEW OF HISTORY & ITS IMPACT

71. Slave society w/more conflict b/w slave & master as wealth increases Feudal soc. w/conflict b/w serf & lord Primitive society w/o any excess wealth  no class conflicts Some owners survive while others don’t  Increasingly smaller class of owners who individually are much richer To stay competitive, they invest in more efficient, but expensive machinery  Must layoff workers Transitional govt. that will eventually evolve into ideal socialist society: No social classes or conflicts No need for govt., family, or religion No private property Marxism successful in some ways but not in others: Pointed out the role of economics & class struggle in history Marxist rev’s happened in pre- indus., not ind. soc’s Caused many govt. reforms both for & vs. Marxism Indiv. genius, greed, stupidity, etc. not accounted for Growing class of poor unable to support themselves or capitalist econ  Workers’ rev. overthrows capitalism. Capitalist society  conflict between owners & workers Owners charge more for their goods than they paid Ind. Rev.  Social problems (FC.113) Ind. Rev.  Social problems (FC.113) MARX SEES HISTORY AS EVOLVING THROUGH A SERIES OF ECONOMIC STAGES CHARACTERIZED BY CLASS STRUGGLES: -Socialism: From each according to his ability, to each acc. to his need - Early idealistic attempts -Marxism: Radical socialism or socialism in a hurry Karl Marx - Communist Manifesto (1848) -Not just a nice thing to happen, but inevitable in that order -Econ. Determinism: a soc’s ec structure determines its soc. structure, culture, & history Labor theory of value: A product is only worth as much as workers are paid -Surplus value: Price charged over what workers are paid -Rev  Utopia (no rich, no poor)  We're so happy  We'll explode What did Marx rightly point out the imp of? FC. 115 THE MARXIST VIEW OF HISTORY & ITS IMPACT

72. Slave society w/more conflict b/w slave & master as wealth increases Feudal soc. w/conflict b/w serf & lord Primitive society w/o any excess wealth  no class conflicts Some owners survive while others don’t  Increasingly smaller class of owners who individually are much richer To stay competitive, they invest in more efficient, but expensive machinery  Must layoff workers Transitional govt. that will eventually evolve into ideal socialist society: No social classes or conflicts No need for govt., family, or religion No private property Pointed out the role of economics & class struggle in history Marxist rev’s happened in pre- indus., not ind. soc’s Caused many govt. reforms both for & vs. Marxism Indiv. genius, greed, stupidity, etc. not accounted for Growing class of poor unable to support themselves or capitalist econ  Workers’ rev. overthrows capitalism. Capitalist society  conflict between owners & workers Owners charge more for their goods than they paid Ind. Rev.  Social problems (FC.113) Ind. Rev.  Social problems (FC.113) MARX SEES HISTORY AS EVOLVING THROUGH A SERIES OF ECONOMIC STAGES CHARACTERIZED BY CLASS STRUGGLES: Where did Comm. rev’s take place? -Socialism: From each according to his ability, to each acc. to his need - Early idealistic attempts -Marxism: Radical socialism or socialism in a hurry Karl Marx - Communist Manifesto (1848) -Not just a nice thing to happen, but inevitable in that order -Econ. Determinism: a soc’s ec structure determines its soc. structure, culture, & history Labor theory of value: A product is only worth as much as workers are paid -Surplus value: Price charged over what workers are paid -Rev  Utopia (no rich, no poor)  We're so happy  We'll explode

73. FC. 115 THE MARXIST VIEW OF HISTORY & ITS IMPACT Slave society w/more conflict b/w slave & master as wealth increases Feudal soc. w/conflict b/w serf & lord Primitive society w/o any excess wealth  no class conflicts Some owners survive while others don’t  Increasingly smaller class of owners who individually are much richer To stay competitive, they invest in more efficient, but expensive machinery  Must layoff workers Transitional govt. that will eventually evolve into ideal socialist society: No social classes or conflicts No need for govt., family, or religion No private property Marxism successful in some ways but not in others: Pointed out the role of economics & class struggle in history Marxist rev’s happened in pre- indus., not ind. soc’s Caused many govt. reforms both for & vs. Marxism Indiv. genius, greed, stupidity, etc. not accounted for Growing class of poor unable to support themselves or capitalist econ  Workers’ rev. overthrows capitalism. Capitalist society  conflict between owners & workers Owners charge more for their goods than they paid Ind. Rev.  Social problems (FC.113) Ind. Rev.  Social problems (FC.113) MARX SEES HISTORY AS EVOLVING THROUGH A SERIES OF ECONOMIC STAGES CHARACTERIZED BY CLASS STRUGGLES: -Socialism: From each according to his ability, to each acc. to his need - Early idealistic attempts -Marxism: Radical socialism or socialism in a hurry Karl Marx - Communist Manifesto (1848) -Not just a nice thing to happen, but inevitable in that order -Econ. Determinism: a soc’s ec structure determines its soc. structure, culture, & history Labor theory of value: A product is only worth as much as workers are paid -Surplus value: Price charged over what workers are paid -Rev  Utopia (no rich, no poor)  We're so happy  We'll explode

74. ***The 10 Planks of The Communist Manifesto 1. Abolition of private property and the application of all rents of land to public purposes. 2. A heavy progressive or graduated income tax. 3. Abolition of all rights of inheritance. 4. Confiscation of the property of all emigrants and rebels. 5. Centralization of credit in the hands of the state, by means of a national bank with State capital and an exclusive monopoly. 6. Centralization of the means of communications and transportation in the hands of the State. 7. Extension of factories and instruments of production owned by the state, the bringing into cultivation of waste lands, and the improvement of the soil generally in accordance with a common plan. 8. Equal liability of all to labor. Establishment of industrial armies, especially for agriculture. 9. Combination of agriculture with manufacturing industries, gradual abolition of the distinction between town and country, by a more equitable distribution of population over the country. 10. Free education for all children in public schools. Abolition of children's factory labor in its present form. Combination of education with industrial production.

75. 1. Abolition of private property and the application of all rents of land to public purposes. Americans do these with actions such as the 14th Amendment of the U.S. Constitution (1868), and various zoning, school & property taxes. Also the Bureau of Land Management (Zoning laws are the first step to government property ownership) 2. A heavy progressive or graduated income tax. Americans know this as misapplication of the 16th Amendment of the U.S. Constitution, 1913, The Social Security Act of 1936.; Joint House Resolution 192 of 1933; and various State "income" taxes. We call it "paying your fair share". 3. Abolition of all rights of inheritance. Americans call it Federal & State estate Tax (1916); or reformed Probate Laws, and limited inheritance via arbitrary inheritance tax statutes. 4. Confiscation of the property of all emigrants and rebels. Americans call it government seizures, tax liens, Public "law" 99-570 (1986); Executive order 11490, sections 1205, 2002 which gives private land to the Department of Urban Development; the imprisonment of "terrorists" and those who speak out or write against the "government" (1997 Crime/Terrorist Bill); or the IRS confiscation of property without due process. Asset forfeiture laws are used by DEA, IRS, ATF etc...).

76. 5. Centralization of credit in the hands of the state, by means of a national bank with State capital and an exclusive monopoly. Americans call it the Federal Reserve which is a privately-owned credit/debt system allowed by the Federal Reserve act of 1913. All local banks are members of the Fed system, and are regulated by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) another privately-owned corporation. The Federal Reserve Banks issue Fiat Paper Money and practice economically destructive fractional reserve banking. 6. Centralization of the means of communications and transportation in the hands of the State. Americans call it the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) and Department of Transportation (DOT) mandated through the ICC act of 1887, the Commissions Act of 1934, The Interstate Commerce Commission established in 1938, The Federal Aviation Administration, Federal Communications Commission, and Executive orders 11490, 10999, as well as State mandated driver's licenses and Department of Transportation regulations. 7. Extension of factories and instruments of production owned by the state, the bringing into cultivation of waste lands, and the improvement of the soil generally in accordance with a common plan. Americans call it corporate capacity, The Desert Entry Act and The Department of Agriculture… Thus read "controlled or subsidized" rather than "owned"… This is easily seen in these as well as the Department of Commerce and Labor, Department of Interior, the Environmental Protection Agency, Bureau of Land Management, Bureau of Reclamation, Bureau of Mines, National Park Service, and the IRS control of business through corporate regulations.

77. 8. Equal liability of all to labor. Establishment of industrial armies, especially for agriculture. Americans call it Minimum Wage and slave labor like dealing with our Most Favored Nation trade partner; i.e. Communist China. We see it in practice via the Social Security Administration and The Department of Labor. The National debt and inflation caused by the communal bank has caused the need for a two "income" family. Woman in the workplace since the 1920's, the 19th amendment of the U.S. Constitution, the Civil Rights Act of 1964, assorted Socialist Unions, affirmative action, the Federal Public Works Program and of course Executive order 11000. 9. Combination of agriculture with manufacturing industries, gradual abolition of the distinction between town and country, by a more equitable distribution of population over the country. Americans call it the Planning Reorganization act of 1949, zoning (Title 17 1910-1990) and Super Corporate Farms, as well as Executive orders 11647, 11731 (ten regions) and Public "law" 89-136. These provide for forced relocations and forced sterilization programs, like in China. 10. Free education for all children in public schools. Abolition of children's factory labor in its present form. Combination of education with industrial production.