1. An Assessment of Mobile Ad-Hoc Network (MANET) Issues Jerry Usery CS 526 May 12 th, 2008

2. MANET Issues - Overview History Uses Technical Concerns DSR and AODV Routing Security

3. MANET Issues - History Three generations of ad-hoc network systems  1 – 1972, PRNET ALOHA, CSMA  2 – 1980s, SURAN Packet-switched network No infrastructure Increased radio performance  3 – Current generation

4. MANET Issues - Uses Growing need  Emergency and rescue operations  Disaster relief efforts  Military networks Flexibility and speed of set-up is key

5. MANET Issues – Technical Concerns Routing has been problematic  Existing Internet protocols intended for fixed infrastructure  Limited success with conventional protocols at each router Bandwidth, power constraints, topology changes and SECURITY concerns  Link state protocols (bandwidth, reliability issues)  On-demand protocols (frequent topology changes)

6. MANET Issues – DSR and AODV Routing DSR  Simple, specifically designed for MANETs  Implemented on several testbeds  Connected to Internet  Route discovery & maintenance  Scales automatically  Allows multiple routes to any node  Designed for approximately 200 nodes, unicast IPv4 packets

7. MANET Issues – DSR and AODV Routing (Cont) AODV  Experimental protocol  Rapid adaptation to dynamic link changes  Low use of the network  Low memory overhead and processing  Finds unicast routes within the network  Uses destination sequence numbers (no loops)  Nodes notified when link is broken  IPv6 packets

8. MANET Issues – Security Major Issue with as needed connections Client-server structure does not apply Availability, confidentiality, integrity, authentication, non- repudiation all face challenges Dynamic security solution required External attacks  Active - Erroneous routes, replaying old information, false route queries, distortion of route information  Passive - Eavesdropping data, analyzing traffic Internal attacks  Compromised nodes can use standard security to protect their attacks  Valid signatures must be validated

9. MANET Issues Questions?