1. Chapter 18 Treatment

2. Old-Fashioned “Cures” Trephination Exorcism & Burning at the Stake Confinement Bloodletting

3. Professionals Involved in Therapy Clinical Psychologists Counseling Psychologists Psychiatrists Other Therapists

4. ©1999 Prentice Hall Psychological Therapies

5. Psychodynamic Therapies Uncovering, resolving unconscious conflicts Psychoanalytic Techniques Free association Dream Analysis Transference Hypnosis

6. Behavioral Therapies Encouraging appropriate behavior Pavlovian: Systematic Desensitization Relaxation training Instrumental: Behavior Modification Token economies Behavior contracts Aversion therapy

7. Aversion Therapy for Alcoholism Alcohol is paired with a chemical that causes nausea and vomiting Straightforward classical conditioning

8. Biofeedback & Tension Headaches Sensors on the head detect muscle activity System converts signal to visual display Patient watches the display, tries to reduce tension signal Muscle tension reduced

9. ©1999 Prentice Hall Humanistic Therapies Removing impediments to personal growth Person-Centered Therapy Carl Rogers Gestalt Therapy Fritz Perls

10. ©1999 Prentice Hall Benefits of Psychotherapy The average psychotherapy client shows more improvement than 80% in no-treatment control group Summary result of 475 studies (Smith et al., 1980).

11. Do Some Therapies Work Better? Three common, nonspecific factors at work in all types of psychotherapy Supportive relationship Reason for hope Opportunity to open up For some disorders, certain types of therapy tend to be more successful There is no universal “best” type of therapy

12. ©1999 Prentice Hall Orientations of Psychotherapists

13. Pharmacotherapy

14. Antipsychotic Drugs & Inpatients Chlorpromazine (Thorazine)

15. Treatment for Anxiety Disorders  Benzodiazepenes (BZD)  Valium (diazepam)  Xanax (alprazolam)  Buspar (buspirone)  Prozac (fluoxetine)--good for OCD, panic attacks, PTSD, GAD

16. Mood Disorders  Depression  Tricyclic Antidepressants  SSRIs  Bipolar disorder (Manic-depression)  Lithium  Depakote (valproate)

17. Treatment for Schizophrenia  Overactive Dopamine System  Antipsychotics  Traditional  Thorazine (chlorpromazine)  Haldol (halperidol)  Atypical  Risperdal (risperidone)  Clozaril (Clozapine)  Zyprexa (Olanxepine)

18. Best Treatments  Exercise?  Combination of Pharmacotherapy and Psychotherapy  Prevention

19. End of Lecture Material!!!!