2. Earth’s Interior & Plate Tectonics

3. Inside the Earth

4. The Earth’s Interior

5. Inner Core Solid Iron & Nickel 5000°C 5150 km deep 1300km thick

6. Outer Core Liquid Iron & Nickel 2200°-5000°C 2900 km deep 2250 km thick

7. Mantle Thick liquid Silicon, oxygen, iron & magnesium 870°-2200°C 2900 km thick Moho- boundary between outermost layer and mantle

8. Crust 3 types of solid rock – igneous, sedimentary, & metamorphic Oxygen & Silicon Oceanic crust 8 km thick-basalt Continental crust 32km thick-granite & basalt

9. Elements in the Earth’s Crust Oxygen 46.6% Silicon 27.72% Aluminum 8.13% Iron 5.00% Calcium 3.63% Sodium 2.83% Potassium 2.59% Magnesium 2.09% Titanium 0.40% Hydrogen 0.14%

10. Lithosphere Top most solid part of the earth Broken up into 7 major lithospheric plates

11. Plates

12. Plate Tectonics

13. Theory of Continental Drift 1900’s Alfred Wegener proposed that the earth used to be one giant landmass that split to form today’s continents

15. Fossil Evidence Fossils support Wegener’s theory. Glossopteris Mesosaurus Lystrosaurus Cynognathus

16. Rock Evidence Glacial Deposits Folded Mountains Coal Deposits

17. Convection Cells

18. Boiling Water

19. Ocean-Floor Spreading