1. European Integration  Govt. 1183—#2—Feb. 5 2008  Immediate and Profound Context  (i) “Deepening and Widening”  (ii) 5 Challenges Again  (iii) Europe’s Political Geography

6. Graph: Ratio of the population aged 65 and over to the labour force

9. Population Pyramids for Italy

10. Population Pyramids for Italy

11. Population Pyramids for Iran

12. Population Pyramids for Iran

13. Europe in Maps  Sources: 2-3; 4-17; http://homepages.wmich.edu/~hega/PSCI340/ps340map.html http://homepages.wmich.edu/~hega/PSCI340/ps340map.html  Sources 4 http://perso.numericable.fr/%7ealhouot/alain.houot/Hist/ma/matm14.html; http://perso.numericable.fr/%7ealhouot/alain.houot/Hist/ma/matm14.html  Sources 19-26 Martin White http://users.erols.com/mwhite28/warstat0.htm#European http://users.erols.com/mwhite28/warstat0.htm#European

16. Map 2: Europe in 1215

18. Map 3: Europe in 1517 This map shows Europe in the year the Reformation began

19. Map 6: Europe in 1812 This map shows Europe during the Napoleonic Wars. Napoleon was at the height of his power.

20. Map 7: Europe in 1860 This map shows Europe in 1860.

21. Map 8: Europe in 1871

24. Map 11: Europe in 1942 This map shows Europe at the height of Nazi aggression.

26. Map 14: Europe in 1990

27. Map 10: Europe after World War I This map shows Europe in 1923.

28. Map 15: Europe in 1995

30. World War One Deaths Total Killed 15 million Number Sources and Maps: http://users.erols.com/mwhite28/warstat1.htm http://users.erols.com/mwhite28/warstat1.htm --each symbol represents 100,000 dead

31. Losses in the First World War Each symbol indicates 100,000 dead

32. World War Two Deaths  Total Number Killed  50-55 Million  Soldiers: 22.0M  Civilian Deaths:  --In camps, from Fascist terror: 12.0M  --From hostilities, blockade, epidemics, hunger: 14.5M  --From bombing: 1.5M.  Source. Martin White http://users.erols.com/mwhite28/warstat1.htm

33. Losses in the Second World War

34. manpower mobilized by the warring nations: