1. AGRICULTURAL & INDUSTRIAL CHANGE

2.  Commercial revolution set stage for economic modernization in form of capitalist development  Capitalist development made possible by mechanization of industry  Mechanization made possible by discoveries of Scientific Revolution  Agricultural changes create conditions necessary for industrialization

3. AGRICULTURAL & INDUSTRIAL CHANGE AGRICULTURAL REVOLUTION  Introduction of new crops  Improvement of techniques & practices  Development of new machinery  Created conditions necessary for industrialization

4. AGRICULTURAL REVOLUTION  Introduction of new crops  Rise of specialized farming AGRICULTURAL & INDUSTRIAL CHANGE  turnips, legumes, clover, potato did not deplete soil increased food production

5. AGRICULTURAL REVOLUTION  New Techniques & Methods  Four-Field System more efficient land use  New machines mechanized seed drill, iron plow  New breeding techniques increased milk & meat products AGRICULTURAL & INDUSTRIAL CHANGE

6. AGRICULTURAL REVOLUTION  ENCLOSURE  consolidation of open lands by English landlords  caused discontentment among peasantry  but backed by force of law  Commercialization of agriculture

7. EARLY INDUSTRIALIZATION  Growth of labor pool  Expansion of cottage industry system  Rise of mass production  Mechanization AGRICULTURAL & INDUSTRIAL CHANGE

8. EARLY INDUSTRIALIZATION  New Machines  spinning jenny  water frame  steam engine  Rise of coal & iron industries AGRICULTURAL & INDUSTRIAL CHANGE Newcomen’s steam engine Watt’s steam engine

9. EARLY INDUSTRIALIZATION  Britain’s Dominance  development of business- minded private sector  strong govt. support  mastery of seas  abundance of natural resources-esp. coal & iron AGRICULTURAL & INDUSTRIAL CHANGE