3. STRESSORSMEDIATORS OUTCOME PEARLIN - STRESS PROCESS

4. DIFFERENCES WITH SRRS

7. STRESS PROCESS 1. MUST LOOK AT CONTEXT AND MEANING

8. DIMENSIONS OF STRESSFUL LIFE EVENTS DESIRED VS. NOT DESIRED UNEXPECTED VS. EXPECTED POSITIVE VS. NEGATIVE PREEXISTING CONTEXT OF EVENT NEGATIVE POST-EVENT CONTEXT –SECONDARY STRESSORS

9. STRESS PROCESS (CONT.) 2. EVENTS NOT ISOLATED BUT EMBEDDED IN SOCIAL POSITIONS – GENDER, SOCIAL CLASS, ETHNIC 3. EVENTS NOT ISOLATED BUT INTERCONNECTED - STESS PROLIFERATION - PRIMARY AND SECONDARY STRESSORS 4. EMPHASIZES SOCIAL ROLES - OVERLOAD, CONFLICT, CAPTIVITY

10. NEW CATEGORIES OF STRESSORS (WHEATON) 1. CHRONIC STRESSORS 2. LIFETIME TRAUMAS 3. DAILY HASSLES 4. DISASTERS

11. DISASTERS 9/11 – 30% MDD or PTSD over next month Almost all had some symptoms Transient – few had disorder after 6 months Cambodian refugees – 50% had MDD after 20 years Social cause of chronic disorder

13. MEDIATORS WHY SOME PEOPLE WITH MANY STRESSORS HAVE LOW DISTRESS WHY SOME PEOPLE WITH FEW STRESSORS HAVE HIGH DISTRESS

14. MEDIATORS (TURNER) SOCIAL RESOURCES 1. SUPPORT - BEING CARED FOR, BELONGING, WANTED ONE INTIMATE STRONG FAMILY TIES, RELIGION 2. MATERIAL SUPPORT

15. SOCIAL COMPARISON STRESSFULNESS DEPENDS ON REFERENCE GROUP INCOME PARAPLEGICS DOWNWARD COMPARISONS BETTER THAN UPWARD COMPARISONS

16. CONTROL ACTIVE COPING BETTER THAN PASSIVE COPING (MASTERY VS. FATALISM)

18. OUTCOMES STANDARDIZED SCALES LIKE CES-D CONTINUOUS – FROM MILD TO SEVERE INDICATOR OF DISTRESS GENERAL NOT DIAGNOSTIC

20. TREATMENT ONLY THEORY WITH NO DIRECT TREATMENT ASPECT CHANGE ENVIRONMENT MUCH DISTRESS TRANSIENT (9-11) IMPORTANCE OF INFORMAL SUPPORT

21. CRITICISMS OF SOCIAL IGNORES HOW MENTAL SYMPTOMS ARE DEEPLY ROOTED IN INDIVIDUALS NOT SITUATIONS NOT GOOD FOR EXPLAINING MOST SERIOUS TYPES OF MENTAL ILLNESS UNSPECIFIC TREATMENT COMPONENT

22. STRENGTHS BETTER AT EXPLAINING DISTRESS THAN PARTICULAR MENTAL ILLNESSES BETTER AT LOOKING AT GROUP, RATHER THAN AT INDIVIDUAL, DIFFERENCES EMPHASIS ON EXTERNAL AND CURRENT CAUSES OF DISTRESS