1. Urban Renewal: Social Effects in the Netherlands and Great Britain To what extend urban renewal in the Netherlands differs from Great Britain in terms of both policies and social effects of mix tenure approach? Minna Hagman, Lauri Raittila, Karolina Szyszkowska:

2. Urban Renewal policies Multi-dimensional urban issues arising in cities ▬► multi-dimensional policies Deprived neighbourhoods = difficulties in housing management + social problems Solution – mixed type of housing with mix tenure should lead to social balance and social cohesion

3. Urban Renewal - the Netherlands After II World War a radical restructuring of the housing stock The large scale of the social rental sector Setted limits to increases in rents, rent protections

4. Urban Renewal - the Netherlands Urban Renewal Policy 1970s- to improve the physical quality of the housing stock 1980s social, economic, cultural and environmental factors at the beginning of the 1990s slow down, the market- oriented approach 1990-1994 the social renewal policy ▬► contacts from the 1997 urban restructuring = National Urban Renewal Policy ▬► to increase the variation of residential environments, improve the attractiveness of the housing stock, and strengthen the area’s reputation and position in the housing market 1994 The Big Cities policy

5. Urban Renewal - the Netherlands What People Want, Where People Live (2000) Give people a greater say in their housing and residential environment Create opportunities for people in vulnerable positions Promote housing and care Improve the quality of urban housing Meet wishes for housing in green areas and sustainable construction

6. Urban Renewal – Great Britain Until 1979 – focus on housing stock 1979 – Conservative government policy – ‘rolling back the welfare state’ : Shift the provision of housing out of public sector, Low cost home ownership initiatives The Right to Buy ▬► Shrinking supply of rented and affordable housing ▬► Deprivation of poor neighbourhoods – social exclusion

7. Urban Renewal – Great Britain 1997 – New Labour Government policy Focus on ‘issues that go wider than bricks and mortar’ Urban Task Force and Social Exclusion Unit Mix tenure should lead to social balance and social cohesion The White Paper 2000 Promote local employment and improvement of local public space

8. Urban Renewal – Great Britain The Green Paper 2000 - … Offer everyone opportunity, choice and a stake in their home, whether rented or owned. Improve the quality and design of the housing stock. Deliver modern, efficient, secure, customer- focused public services. Support vulnerable people and tackle all forms of social exclusion, including bad housing, homelessness, poverty, crime and poor health.

9. Urban Renewal – Social effects Many effects result from better physical quality of housing stock. Security, privacy, environment Effects of mixed tenure approach are hard to distinguish Maintenance question No evidence of positive effect: Role model, dilution,

10. Urban Renewal – Does it work? Urban regeneration policies - summery: Housing diversification is core of policies, Market-orientated Unclear goal and a way to achieve it Spatial unit not clearly specified Policy tools: demolition, improvement, upgrading, sale of dwellings Rising domination of owner-occupied sector

11. Urban Renewal – Does it work? Effects: more or less positive, but quite small, excluding physical conditions. Long term effects?