2. “Within the span of 16 minutes, the gunmen killed 13 people and wounded 21 others. A savage act of domestic terrorism, their crime is the deadliest school shooting in the history of the United States” Sheriff John P. Stone Jefferson Co. Colorado

3. About School Shootings  Not a New Phenomenon  No Geographic Region is Excluded  On a national average 100,000 students carry guns to school every year.

5. Aug 1, 1966 Austin, TX 14 killed, 30 wounded Jan 29, 1979 San Diego, CA 2 killed, 9 wounded Jan 17, 1989 Stockton, CA 6 killed, 30 wounded May 1, 1992 Olivehurst, CA 4 killed, 10 wounded Feb 2, 1996 Moses Lake, WA 3 killed, 1 wounded Feb 19, 1997 Bethel, AK 2 killed, 2 wounded Oct 1, 1997 Pearl, MS 2 killed, 7 wounded Dec 1, 1997 Paducah, KY 3 killed, 5 wounded Mar 4, 1998 Jonesboro, AR 5 killed, 5 wounded May 21, 1998 Springfield, OR 2 killed, 20 wounded Apr 20, 1999 Littleton, CO 13 killed, 24 wounded Sep 27, 2006 Bailey, CO 1 killed, 0 wounded Apr 16, 2007 Virginia Tech 32 killed, 17 wounded Feb 14, 2008 Northern Ill Univ. 6 killed, 16 wounded

6.  April 6, 2011 OPELIKA, AL - One woman was killed and three others were injured in a shooting on South Union State Community College's Opelika campus Wednesday afternoon, according to police. Authorities are searching for the alleged gunman, Thomas Franklin May III.  May 9, 2011 ARLINGTON, AZ. - A student who fatally shot his psychologist's husband and then committed suicide on April 22 had indicated to his friends that he might be suicidal. On the day of the shooting, Antonio Garcia had learned he was being referred to the University of Texas at Arlington's mental health services for behaving inappropriately toward the psychologist.  May 11, 2011 SAN JOSE, CA - A gunman shot and killed two people in a California State University, San Jose parking garage on Tuesday night. The incident in which the shooter was also killed is being investigated as a murder suicide.  May 12, 2011 Rolla, MO There was a shooting this morning at the Missouri University of Science and Technology. The school reported that the suspect, a white male with sandy blonde hair, was to be considered dangerous and his hand may be bleeding. Police recovered a firearm near McNutt Hall.

7. “The Enoch Brown School Massacre” Franklin County, Pennsylvania Four Delaware American Indian warriors stormed a log schoolhouse of white settlers. The warriors then began scalping the children, killing nine.

8.  Define the term “active shooter”  List measures that can be employed to reduce the effectiveness of an active shooter  Describe actions that can be expected from responding law enforcement officers

9. Attacker’s activity is immediately causing death or serious bodily injury. The activity is not contained and there is immediate risk of continuing death or serious injury to potential victims.

10.  Considered the greatest terrorist threat on campuses  Incidents of targeted violence at schools rarely were sudden, impulsive acts.  Most Attackers had no history of prior violent or criminal behavior.

11.  Desire is to kill and seriously injure without concern for his safety or threat of capture  Normally has intended victims and will search them out  Accepts targets of opportunity while searching for or after finding intended victims  Will continue to move throughout building/area until stopped by law enforcement, suicide, or other intervention

12. 1. Protect the lives of students, faculty, staff and visitors by IMMEDIATELY implementing the active shooter protocol for which police have been trained. 2. Activate the Crisis Management Plan and Team. 3. Provide all follow-up support to the campus community as dictated by the incident.

13. 1. Capture or neutralize the suspect as soon as possible. 2. Protect the lives and provide safety for those in near proximity of the shooter. 3. Protect the lives and provide safety for those in the general area. 4. Provide for the safety of police officers.

14. 5. Containment of the situation. 6. After-event investigation and prosecution. 7. Assist return to normalcy.

15. Your actions will influence others  GET OUT  CALL OUT  HIDE OUT  KEEP OUT  TAKE OUT

16. GET OUT  If you decide to flee, make sure you can do it safely and have an escape route and plan in mind. CALL OUT  Call Police Services at 678-HELP or 911

17. HIDE OUT  Get everyone to sit/lie down away from windows of “Fields of Fire.”  Silence cell phones, close blinds, turn off lights, stay on floor, and do not peek out doors or windows.  Spread out, huddling together makes a better target.  If in a hallway, look for unlocked room to hide in.

18.  Running down hallways provides the shooter with more targets and slows law enforcement response.  The shooters main goal is not escape, but rather to kill as many people as possible.

19. KEEP OUT  Lock classroom doors if possible. If doors cannot be locked, barricade with desks or tables.  Do not pull fire alarms or evacuate rooms or buildings…unless directed by emergency responders.  Follow directions provided by emergency notifications.

20. TAKE OUT  This should be considered the very last resort.  If there is absolutely no other opportunity for escape or survival.  You must be committed to this action.

21.  Where should I go if I evacuate the building? In most active shooter cases, a building will not be evacuated unless it actually contains the shooter. In that situation, the evacuation will not be a controlled evacuation like it would be for a fire alarm. People will leave the building and find a safe location on their own. If a building is evacuated by emergency responders, a location will be determined and notification made.

22.  How should special needs and mobility challenged individuals be handled during an active shooter incident? If the class occupants are told to remain in the room, these individuals should be given assistance to get on the floor or under desks as directed. If an opportunity arises that will enable students to leave the building, the faculty member or another student should assist individuals with special needs to leave the building. If emergency responders are present, they may assist in getting individuals out of the building.

23.  What should I do if my office/classroom has a window? Secure the door, turn off the lights, close blinds/shades and have students hide on the floor against walls that may be out of sight through the door or window(s).

24.  What will happen to people who are traumatized by this incident? In the recovery process after the event, the university will provide the necessary counseling to every victim and person involved or affected.

25.  Where can I find additional emergency procedures for active shooter situations? The University of Memphis Crisis Management Plan contains an Active Shooter Appendix, you can access the online version at: http://bf.memphis.edu/crisis/plan.php

26. VIDEO

27. Closing Statement It is difficult to predict a shooting incident. Assailants are not always students, employees or associated with the university. Attacks may be carefully planned with specific targets, however, the victims were unaware they were targets, until attacked. Each emergency is different and may require a different response.

29. Thank you Shelby L. Slater Emergency Preparedness Coordinator 901-678-2254 slslater@memphis.edu