1. I. Development of the Northwest Economy: 1800-The Great Depression Native settlement – coastal & interior The Fur Trade Era Overland Settlers: The Oregon Trail Fish Timber Agriculture Local Mining and The Alaska Gold Rush Railroads The great conservation movement at the end of the 19 th century

2. Map of Hudson’s Bay Trade Source: Mackie, Trading Beyond the Mountains

3. Location of Lumber Mills 1850-1880

4. The Great Railroad Boom: 1883-1929 Northern Pacific Land Grant

5. Completion of Northern Pacific Railroad Connection, 1883

7. Asian Crew Constructing Log Loading Station, Ca. 1910

8. Steam Donkey Yarding Logs, 1910

9. Timber Drives Development in Washington Up to 1930

10. Horse-drawn Combine in the Palouse, 1909

11. Fishing at Celilo Falls, Columbia River (n.d.) Source: UW Libraries Digital Collections - Industries & Occupations Collection

12. Scow Fish Wheel Columbia River (n.d.)

13. Source: UW Libraries Digital Collections - Industries & Occupations Collection Brailing Salmon From a Fish Trap, Possibly Puget Sound (n.d.)

14. Gold Mining at Monte Cristo 1906: Photo by Ashael Curtis

15. Alaska Gold Rush July 17, 1897 the steamer Portland arrived in Seattle with a “ton of gold,” That actually turned out to be two tons of gold.

16. Routes to the Klondike

17. Closing the Frontier Establishment of National Forests Designation of National Parks Repeal of Public Land Disposal Laws (except Mining Laws of 1872) Land Grants to States

18. Non-Economic Forces Related to Early Settlement (Johansen) 1.Nationalism 2.Escape harsh weather (of the midwest) 3.Escape the slavery problem 4.Reap the bounty of a new land 5.Accept offer of free land 6.To be a “frontiersman”

19. II. Modern Settlement Forces and Patterns: WW-II to Present Depression-era public works & Columbia- Snake River Hydropower system development through the 1970’s Growth of High-Tech Manufacturing Rise of the Service Economy Emergence of Government in the economic base Current demographic trends

20. The Historic and Modern Role of Timber in the Washington Economy Labor productivity clearly evident

21. Washington State Employment

22. Share of Washington State Jobs

23. Employment Trend - Technology Based Industries- Washington State 1974-2011

24. The Growth of Nonearnings Income (Transfer payments, Dividends, Interest, Rent)

25. Non-Earnings Income Trend: It is now a substitute for work in many regional economy’s economic base

26. Stability in Shares of Regional Population Since 1920

27. Metropolitan Population Shares Have Continued to Increase (2009 metro definitions)

28. Metro Growth Rates Have Consistently Outpaced Nonmetro Growth Rates Based on 2009 Definitions of Metro and Nonmetro