1. On Some Characteristics of the New Generation Computers Oleg N. Granichin (oleg_granitchin@mail.ru) Sergey S. Sysoev (sysoev_s@mail.ru)

2. The Computer Generations 1 4 23 ? 5

3. Qualitative Generations Leaps Task oriented machines. Operating Systems, multitasking, Universal Computer, HLL

4. What Is Next? The Intelligent System

5. One Approach of Creating the Intelligent System The External Part The Internal Part

6. Intelligent Choice Task 1Task 2Task N … Device 1Device 2 Device N …

7. The Internal Part Conditions For each considered particular task the system has the particular device which is able to optimize the solving of this task by an appropriate choosing the system parameter from some final set. Information from external world must be delivered to all such devices simultaneously.

8. The Internal Part Implementation Example

9. Informational Resonance

10. Possible Resonance Situations One and only one device has resonance Several devices have resonance None of the devices has resonance (the system parameters have to be adjusted)

11. The System Parameters Set

12. Optimization Task The function F has its minimum (or maximum) when the system has resonance, x – the system parameters, w – the stochastic parameter, obtained from the real world.

13. The Kiefer-Wolfowitz Procedure

14. The SPSA Algorithm

15. The SPSA Grounds

16. Advantages of the SPSA Algorithm Only one measurement of loss function per iteration needed Convergence with probability 1 with all kinds of disturbance The best convergence speed characteristics Allows tracking