1. Dynamics & Control PDR 1 Purdue University AAE 451 Fall 2006 Team 4 Tung Tran Matt Drodofsky Haris Md Ishak Matt Lossmann Mark Kock Ravi Patel Ki-bom Kim Andrew Martin

2. Presentation Overview Trimability Trimability Nose Up Elevator Nose Up Elevator Nose Down Elevator Nose Down Elevator Stability Stability Longitudinal Longitudinal Lateral Lateral Sizing Sizing Class 1 Class 1 Class 2 Class 2

3. Trim Diagram Procedure Calculations (Roskam p. 205, Brandt p. 225) Calculations (Roskam p. 205, Brandt p. 225)

4. C L vs. α

5. Trim Diagram

6. Results and Improvements Max Flap Deflection Angle = -25 o Max Flap Deflection Angle = -25 o Complete Trim Triangle Complete Trim Triangle Determine Control Power Needed Determine Control Power Needed

7. Class I Sizing of Tail Surfaces C VT = 0.04C HT = 0.7 Calculations Raymer p. 121-122 Calculations Raymer p. 121-122 b w = 65.3 inS w = 609.1 in 2 c w = 65.3 in L HT = 24.4 inL VT = 24 in S VT = 66.3 in 2 S HT = 170 in 2

8. Class II Sizing of Vertical Tail Area C nβ =0.001 Deg -1 S V =0.35 ft 2 Calculations Roskam Part II P.265 Cnβ=Yaw Stiffness Derivative

9. Class II Sizing of Horizontal Tail Area Sh=0.8655 ft 2 Calculations Roskam Part II P.261 Static Margin = 10% S h = 0.8655 ft 2 Aerodynamic center of aircraft and center of gravity plotted while varying horizontal tail area.

10. Stability Range of Center of Gravity: Range of Center of Gravity: Reference point: x=0 at leading edge of wing Aft of reference is positive direction Forward CG: 1.3 inch Aft CG: 3.5 inch Aerodynamic Center Location: 4.05 inch Aerodynamic Center Location: 4.05 inch Roskam Part II p. 261

11. Static Margin Range of Static Margin = 22.49% Range of Static Margin = 22.49% Static margins are calculated by using fwd and aft cg values. Desired Static Margin = 12.88% Desired Static Margin = 12.88% Set cg = 2.8 inch between the cg range to acquire a static margin between 10% and 15%. Brandt p.231, Raymer p.473, Lewis p.106

12. References Brandt, Steven. Et al. Introduction to Aeronautics: A Design Perspective. 1997. Brandt, Steven. Et al. Introduction to Aeronautics: A Design Perspective. 1997. Raymer, D. Aircraft Design: A Conceptual Approach. Forth Edition. 2006. Raymer, D. Aircraft Design: A Conceptual Approach. Forth Edition. 2006. Stevens, B., Lewis, F. Aircraft Control and Simulation. 2003. Stevens, B., Lewis, F. Aircraft Control and Simulation. 2003.

13. Questions?