1. JXTA Protocol Introduction Student : Jia-Hui Huang Adviser : Kai-Wei Ke Date : 2005/11/22

2. Outline P2P Introduction JXTA Introduction JXTA Assumptions JXTA Concept JXTA Protocols JXTA Connection Scenario DemoSummary

3. P2P Introduction (1/2) The term “ Peer-to-Peer ” refers to a class of system/networks that : Distributed resources Distributed resources Perform function in a decentralized manner Perform function in a decentralized manner Each node potentially has the same responsibility & capability. Sharing can be in many ways : CPU Cycle : share workload CPU Cycle : share workload Storage space : Napster, Gnutella, Freenet … etc Storage space : Napster, Gnutella, Freenet … etc

4. P2P Introduction (2/2) Why attractive ? Scalability Scalability Reliability Reliability Client – Server Ex. FTP Peer-to-Peer Ex. Bit Torrent

5. Outline P2P Introduction JXTA Introduction JXTA Assumptions JXTA Concept JXTA Protocols JXTA Connection Scenario DemoSummary

6. JXTA Introduction(1/3) What is JXTA Protocol ? Developed by Sun Microsystems, Inc. 2001 v 1.0 Developed by Sun Microsystems, Inc. 2001 v 1.0 Provide the basic P2P infrastructure Provide the basic P2P infrastructure Each resource are published as advertisement Each resource are published as advertisement Some characteristic of JXTA network Some characteristic of JXTA network Discover each other Self-organize into peer group Advertise and discover network resource Communicate with each other Monitor each other

7. JXTA Introduction(2/3) JXTA Protocol are composed six Protocols the following six protocol cooperate with other, and form JXTA protocol the following six protocol cooperate with other, and form JXTA protocol Peer Resolver Protocol ( PRP ) Peer Resolver Protocol ( PRP ) Peer Discovery Protocol ( PDP ) Peer Discovery Protocol ( PDP ) Peer Information Protocol ( PIP ) Peer Information Protocol ( PIP ) Pipe Binding Protocol ( PBP ) Pipe Binding Protocol ( PBP ) Endpoint Routing Protocol ( ERP ) Endpoint Routing Protocol ( ERP ) Rendezvous Protocol ( RVP ) Rendezvous Protocol ( RVP )

8. JXTA Introduction(3/3) Not all protocol are necessary JXTA core Protocol – required JXTA core Protocol – requiredPRPERP JXTA standard protocol – not required JXTA standard protocol – not required Remaining JXTA Protocols ( PDP …etc ) More standard protocol increase interoperability

9. Outline P2P Introduction JXTA Introduction JXTA Assumptions JXTA Concept JXTA Protocols JXTA Connection Scenario DemoSummary

10. JXTA Assumptions (1/2) Peer not assume run time environments and programming languages Peers may appear, disappear and migrate at any time Communication between two peers is uni- directional at same time Data delivery is unreliable Protocol messages and advertisements are defined using XML messages

11. JXTA Assumptions (2/2) Message is give up delivery if destination is not available Each peer must be a member of the Net PeerGroups Peers must be members of the same peer group in order to exchange messages The published content is not guarantee can be received from JXTA network

12. Outline P2P Introduction JXTA Introduction JXTA Assumptions JXTA Concept JXTA Protocols JXTA Connection Scenario DemoSummary

13. JXTA Concept (1/7) Peers Any network device that implement JXTA Core Protocol Any network device that implement JXTA Core Protocol Identify by a unique ID Identify by a unique ID Distribute resources and services using advertisement mechanism Distribute resources and services using advertisement mechanism May advertisement multiple network interface - endpoint May advertisement multiple network interface - endpointPeerGroups A common set of peer self-organized into a peer group A common set of peer self-organized into a peer group Identify by a unique PeerGroup ID Identify by a unique PeerGroup ID Peer group provide a set of service Peer group provide a set of service

14. JXTA Concept (2/7) Discovery service Used by member to discovery resources ( pipe ….etc ) Used by member to discovery resources ( pipe ….etc ) Membership service Used by member to accept of reject new peer join request Used by member to accept of reject new peer join request Access service Used to validate requests made by one peer to another Used to validate requests made by one peer to another Pipe service Manage and create pipe between different group members Manage and create pipe between different group members Monitoring service Allow peer monitor each other in same group Allow peer monitor each other in same group

15. JXTA Concept (3/7) Two level of network service Peer service Peer service Accessible only one the peer that is publishing the service Peer group service Peer group service Running on multiple members of the peer group pipes A virtual communication channel for peer exchange message, many type of pipe can establish A virtual communication channel for peer exchange message, many type of pipe can establish Two mode of pipe transfer Two mode of pipe transfer Point to Point Pipe Propagate Pipe

16. JXTA Concept (4/7) IDs Each JXTA resource has a unique ID to identify an entity Each JXTA resource has a unique ID to identify an entity These resource include Peers, PeerGroups, content, pipes, module classes/spec. These resource include Peers, PeerGroups, content, pipes, module classes/spec.codats Combination of content and its associated JXTA ID Combination of content and its associated JXTA ID

17. JXTA Concept (5/7) Module Module indicates the “service” provided by peer or PeerGroup Module indicates the “service” provided by peer or PeerGroup Module class Define the service type, have a unique id Define the service type, have a unique id Module specification Define the service specification, have a unique id Define the service specification, have a unique id

18. JXTA Concept (6/7) All resource on the JXTA network are publish as advertisement Peer advertisement Describe a peer ID, name and other resource Describe a peer ID, name and other resource Peer group advertisement Describe a peer group specific resource Describe a peer group specific resource Module class advertisement Describe a particular module class id stand for what type service Describe a particular module class id stand for what type service

19. JXTA Concept (7/7) Module specification advertisement Describe what particular module spec. ID stand for which spec. Describe what particular module spec. ID stand for which spec. Module implementation advertisement Describe one of implementation of a specific spec. it also provide necessary parameter of use this implementation Describe one of implementation of a specific spec. it also provide necessary parameter of use this implementation

20. Outline P2P Introduction JXTA Introduction JXTA Assumptions JXTA Concept JXTA Protocols JXTA Connection Scenario DemoSummary

21. JXTA Protocols Two types of JXTA Protocol JXTA Core Protocol – required JXTA Core Protocol – required JXTA Standard Protocol – optional JXTA Standard Protocol – optional

22. JXTA Core Protocol Protocol is a set of message format (XML) that exchange between peers JXTA Core Specification define ： Peer Resolver Protocol Peer Resolver Protocol Endpoint Routing Protocol Endpoint Routing Protocol

23. Peer resolver protocol (PRP) Provide a resolution service, used to send query and receive response Each query and response is addressed with a handler Handler is a demultiplexing key that specifies how, by which higher-level protocol to be processed

24. Endpoint routing protocol (ERP)(1/3) ERP is used for routing When a peer wants to issue a message, it process is as follows ： Peer lookup his local cache Peer lookup his local cache If exist route information then directly use If exist route information then directly use If no exist route information then find available peer router for asking (send route resolver query message) If no exist route information then find available peer router for asking (send route resolver query message)

25. Endpoint routing protocol (ERP)(2/3) When peer router receive a route query If it know route information it will return as an enumeration of hop If it know route information it will return as an enumeration of hop If it don’t know then peer will asking other peer router until no peer router If it don’t know then peer will asking other peer router until no peer router Finally, if no peer router knows then give up routing this message Finally, if no peer router knows then give up routing this message note ： routing information may obsolete at any hop note ： routing information may obsolete at any hop Shared Resource Distributed Index (SRDI) Utilize the set of rendezvous peer as resource index to help message direction Utilize the set of rendezvous peer as resource index to help message direction

26. Endpoint routing protocol (ERP)(3/3) At each hop the peer will extra a peer id information in the message header use for Loop detect Loop detect New route discovery New route discovery Message is a basic unit of data exchange and the process is like packet in protocol stack

27. JXTA Standard Protocols Rendezvous Protocol (RVP) Peer Discovery Protocol (PDP) Peer Information Protocol (PIP) Pipe Binding Protocol (PBP)

28. Rendezvous protocol (RVP) (1/3) RVP is used to propagate message within a peer group A peergroup may contains more than one rendezvous peer. The set of rendezvous peer perform a peer view The PeerView is a list of the peers which are currently acting as Rendezvous Peers. The PeerView is a list of the peers which are currently acting as Rendezvous Peers. The RVP can divided into three parts Management protocol (peer view protocol) Management protocol (peer view protocol) An optional protocol used by Rendezvous Peers to organize themselves Each Rendezvous Peer maintains its own local list of active PeerView members Rendezvous Peer exchange message with each other

29. Rendezvous protocol (RVP)(2/3) Connection registration protocol (rendezvous lease protocol) Connection registration protocol (rendezvous lease protocol) An optional protocol enables non-Rendezvous Peers to subscribe to receive propagated messages. ( act as a rendezvous peer ) Leases are of fixed duration. Rendezvous Peers offer lease its ability to distribute message. Both rendezvous peer and subscriber can terminate the lease at any time.

30. Rendezvous protocol (RVP) (3/3) Propagated message (rendezvous propagation protocol) Propagated message (rendezvous propagation protocol) A required protocol, enable peers to manage the propagation of individual message. Propagation stop condition ： Loop/Duplicate ( detected by unique id ) Loop/Duplicate ( detected by unique id ) TTL TTL Rendezvous advertisement is used for describe a peer become a rendezvous peer

31. Peer discovery protocol (PDP) (1/2) PDP is used to discover resource within a group Discovery peers behavior Use the field attribute and threshold to match query PDP message is not guarantee response

32. Peer discovery protocol (PDP)(2/2) Five Scenario of discovery Local Cache Local Cache Local Discovery Local Discovery Using Rendezvous Peer w/o Propagation Using Rendezvous Peer w/o Propagation Using Rendezvous Peer over Firewall Using Rendezvous Peer over Firewall Using Rendezvous Peer and Propagation Using Rendezvous Peer and Propagation

33. Peer information protocol (PIP) An optional protocol, Used to obtain a peer status information. No guarantee response. Information include : Timestamp Timestamp Traffic TrafficLastInCommingMessageAt LastOutgoingAt … etc SourcePid SourcePid TargetPid … etc TargetPid … etc

34. Pipe binding protocol (PBP) PBP is used to create a pipe between two peer (virtual communication channel) The underlying transport can use JXTA HTTP, JXTA TCP/IP or secure JXTA TLS Transport The pipe can viewed as a message queue that support create, bind, close, delete, send, and receive operation

35. Pipe advertisement Used to describe a local binded pipe information Each advertisement has a pipe type field Currently three type has defined JXTAUnicast JXTAUnicast Unicast, unsecure, unreliable pipe. JXTAUnicastSecure JXTAUnicastSecure Unicast, secure ( using TLS ) pipe. JXTAPropagate Diffusion pipes JXTAPropagate Diffusion pipes Diffusion pipes, used to send one-to-many messages.

36. Outline P2P Introduction JXTA Introduction JXTA Assumptions JXTA Concept JXTA Protocols JXTA Connection Scenario DemoSummary

37. JXTA message transports Three Scenario of message transports Communication across Firewall (outside to inside) Communication across Firewall (outside to inside) Message to Peer across one Firewall (inside to outside ) Message to Peer across one Firewall (inside to outside ) Message to Peer across two Firewalls Message to Peer across two Firewalls

38. Outline P2P Introduction JXTA Introduction JXTA Assumptions JXTA Concept JXTA Protocols JXTA Connection Scenario DemoSummary

39. Demo Messaging P2PAVConference P2PAVConference File sharing Peer1 Peer2

40. Outline P2P Introduction JXTA Introduction JXTA Assumptions JXTA Concept JXTA Protocols JXTA Connection Scenario DemoSummary

41. Summary Project JXTA establish a virtual network overlay on top of existing networks. JXTA provide a P2P systems, it achieve : Interoperability Interoperability Platform independence Platform independence Ubiquity Ubiquity It allow application developers build P2P application without take underlying network into account. P2P system become more easy to develop.

42. Reference Sun Microsystems Inc. “ JXTA v2.0 Protocols Specification ”, 2004 Li Gong Sun Microsystems, Inc “ Project JXTA : A Technology Overview ”, October 29 2002 Bernard Traversat, Ahkil Arora, Mohamed Abdelaziz, Mike Duigou, Carl Haywood, Jean- Christophe Hugly, Eric Pouyoul, Bill Yeager, “ Project JXTA 2.0 Super-Peer Virtual Network ”, May 25 2003 www.jxta.org

43. Discovery Scenario (1/5) lookup communicate

44. Discovery Scenario (2/5) multicast response

45. Discovery Scenario (3/5) Discovery message Response message

46. Discovery Scenario (4/5) discovery response cache

47. Discovery Scenario (5/5)

48. Connection Scenario (1/3) By Propagate message HTTP connection Msg queue

49. Connection Scenario (2/3) Regular connection

50. Connection Scenario (3/3) HTTP message