1. The development of nervous system 陳建榮 http://web.nchu.edu.tw/pweb/users/chenjr/

2. Nervous system: -Central nervous system (CNS): -brain, -spinal cord -Peripheral nervous system (PNS): -cranial nerves, -spinal nerves -Autonomic nervous system (ANS)

3. Origin of nervous system Neutralization: -Notochord  -Neural plate -Neural groove  -Neural tube, neural crest  -Rostral neuropore, caudal neuropore

5. Nonfusion of neural tube

6. Neual tube: -Neural canal  central canal -Neuroepithelial cell (pseudostratified columnar epi) -Ventricular zone -Intermediate zone -Marginal zone -Alar plate  dorsal horn -Basal plate  ventral horn -Roof plate -Floor plate -Mesenchyme  spinal meninges -Dura matter -Arachnoid -Pia matter

7. Development of spinal cord

12. Development of Pseudounipolar neuron

14. Myelination of nerve fibers

15. Positional changes of spinal cord 8 weeks24 weekschildadult

19. Neural crest

20. Congenital anomalies of spinal cord Neural tube defects (NTD)

21. Spinal bifida oculta 隱性脊柱雙裂 Spinal bifida cystica 脊柱雙裂囊腫 Myeloschisis 脊髓裂

22. Neural tube defects (NTD)

23. Myeloschisis 脊髓裂

24. Development of brain 3 primary vesicles: -Forebrain (prosencephalon) -Telencephalon -  cerebral hemispheres -Diencephalon -  thamaus -Midbrain (mesencephalon) -Mesencephalon -  midbrain -Metencephalon -  pons, cerebellum -Myelencephalon -  medulla -Hindbrain (rhombencephalon)

27. Brain flexures 腦彎 -Midbrain flexure -Cervical flexure -Pontine flexure

28. Myelencephalon （ medulla ） Caudal portion Rostral portion

29. Alar plate -Special somatic afferent (SSA) -CN VIII (hear, vestibular) -General somatic afferent (GSA) -CN V -Special visceral afferent (SVA) -CN VII, IX, X (taste) -General visceral afferent (GVA) -CN X Basal plate: -General visceral efferent (GVE) -CN IX, X -Special visceral efferent (SVE) -CN V, VII, IX, X -General somatic efferent (GSE) -CN III, IV, VI, XII

30. Metencephalon

32. Midbrain

33. Diencephalon

34. Pituitary gland: -Adenohypophysis (oral ectoderm) -Hypophysial pouch -Pars tuberalis -Pars distalis -Pars intermedia -Neurohypophysis (neural ectoderm) -Neurohypophysial bud -Pars nervosa -Infundibular stem -Median eminence

35. Pituitary gland

37. Ventricles of CNS

38. Telencephalon

39. 13 weeks 21 weeks 32 weeks

41. 25 weeks 38 weeks

42. Early stage of nervous system -Proliferation -Migration -Differentiation -Organization

44. Corpus callosum 胼胝體

45. Choroid plexus Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)

47. Hydrocephalus 水腦 - excessive formation of CSF - blockage of the circulation of CSF - diminished absorption of CSF

48. Cranium bifidum 顱骨雙裂

52. Microcephaly

53. Agenesis of corpus callosum

54. Holophrosencephaly

55. Hydrocephalus

57. Arnold-chiari malformation

58. Cranial nerves: -Somatic efferent cranial nerves -Hypoglossal nerve (CN XII) -Abducent nerve (CN VI) -Trochlear nerve (CN IV) -Oculomotor nerve (CN III) -Nerves of pharyngeal arches -Trigeminal nerve (CN V) -Facial nerve (CN VII) -Glossopharyngeal nerve (CN IX) -Vagus nerve (CN X) -Accessory nerve (CN XI) -Special sensory nerves -Olfactory nerve (CN I) -Optic nerve (CN II) -Vestibulocochlear nerve (CN VIII)

59. Nerves of pharyngeal arch