1. Brokered E-service Layer Electronic Service Brokers (ESB), are channels for the delivery of electronic services. They are next-generation portals. Differs from the current e-mall concept because spontaneous selection of services components can be made, forming spontaneous groups of users. Open services interfaces - services talk to each other without human intervention. All types of devices can be integrated into the e- service. Winning standards unknown. Eg. E-Speak by HP sits over Jini, ChaiServer or UPnP, is a middleware layer independent of OS. There are protocols for negotiation, brokering, bidding, billing that scale to the Internet.

2. Universal Computing Technologies Universal Computing technologies will bring the functionality of web into devices and also provides services from the device into other entities on the Internet. Devices might include: mobile phones, palmtops, refrigerators. A service might include an integrated ERP systems. Customers printer devices have web access. Bills can be printed at the customers site, or sent to the customers ERP system and paid automatically.

3. Layers for E-Services on the Internet Layers for the exchange of: information, documents, services. Internet (HTTP) is used for the communications channel. HTML/XML is used for data/document exchange between services. E-service layer is needed to: (1)enable services to accept other services (by RPC, publish and subscribe, mailbox, polling), modular, (2)connect and create meta-services (mediate components, monitor service), (3)broadcast/announce or advertise services on Internet.