1. Beef Health Topic #3082 Ashlee Gibson

2. Objectives To identify general health symptoms To understand causes, signs, prevention, and control of different diseases To know ways and location to administer medicine

3. General Health Information Body Temperature  Range of 100.5 F to 103 F (101.5 F)  Taken rectally

4. General Health Information Respiration  Rate of breathing  10 to 30 breaths per minute

5. General Health Information Heart Rate (Pulse)  Regular throbbing caused in the arteries by the contractions of the heart.  When taking a pulse, count for 15 seconds and then multiply by four to get a full minute reading.  40 to 70 beats per minute

6. General Signs of Illness Head down Not alert In the corner Will not stand up Coughing Nasal or eye discharge Diarrhea Heavy Breathing Rough coat Change in body temperature http://www.ars.usda.gov/is/graphics/photos/jul00/k8930-2i.jpg

7. Respiratory Diseases “Shipping Fever”  Cause: Viral or bacterial  Sign: high fever, coughing, weight loss, diarrhea, nasal and eye discharge, could cause abortion  Prevention: Vaccination  Control: Antibiotics Example: IBR, BVD, BRSV, Pasteurella

8. Clostridial Diseases Blackleg & Malignant Edema  Cause: Organisms in soil that enter through mouth or open sore  Signs: Swelling over heavy muscle areas. Gas bubbles and fluid beneath skin  Prevention: Vaccination  Treatment: Penicillin

9. Digestive Diseases Caused from incorrect feeding or rations  Bloat  Flounder

10. Digestive Disease Bloat: Gas build up in rumen  Cause: Rich feeds  Sign: Bulge towards last rib and hip  Treatment: Take away feed, movement, in severe cases stomach tube or puncture is needed

11. Digestive Disease http://agnews.tamu.edu/dailynews/stories/ANSC/photos/Mar1605a-lr.jpg

12. Digestive Diseases Flounder- inflammation of hoof wall  Cause: high concentration of feed  Sign: limping  Treatment: Could lead to lameness

13. External Parasites Flies, Lice, Mites, and Grubs  Annoy and irritate and transmit disease  Sign: Visible, rubbing, hair loss  Control: Face oilers dust bags, ear tags with insecticides, spraying or dipping cattle with insecticides http://www.jefferslivestock.com/ssc/assets/product_images/Livestock/CattleRubPW.C1.jpg

14. Internal Parasites Roundworms, Tape worms, and Flukes  Attach to wall of digestive tract  Signs: Poor weight gain, rough hair coat, diarrhea or constipation  Prevention and Treatment: Dewormer http://www.valleyvet.com/ct_search_results.html?start=81

15. Other Common Diseases Foot rot  Cause: Bacteria enters through cut in hoof  Sign: Limping  Prevention: Keep pasture of feedlot clear of sharp objects and dry pen  Treatment: Antibiotics and/or foot wrap

16. Other Common Diseases Warts  Cause: Virus  Sign: Growth that looks like a cauliflower  Prevention: Isolation of infected animals  Treatment: Vaccines or manually remove http://www2.dpi.qld.gov.au/images/2757.jpg

17. Other Common Diseases Ringworm  Cause: Fungus  Sign: Loss of hair  Prevention: Isolate and keep pen dry  Treatment: fungicides or sunlight http://www.vetmed.wisc.edu/pbs/zoonoses/Systemic%20mycoses/ringwormcow.html

18. Other Common Diseases Pink eye  Cause: eye infected by bacteria  Sign: eye discharge, white dot in middle of eye  Prevention: Fly control, keep pen clean  Treatment: Keep in cool, darkened pen, apply antibiotic ointments

19. Pink Eye http://www.flycontrol.novartis.com/includes/teasers/images/en/cow_fly.gif

20. Immunization Pick the type of vaccine for diseases that need to be controlled Some vaccinations prevent more than one disease http://www.westernranchsupply.com/pic/smkc8p5s.jpg

21. Ways to Administer Medicine Intramuscular (IM) Intranasal Intravenous (IV) Oral Subcutaneous (Sub Q) Under the skin

22. Where to inject? In front of shoulder Not in rear http://www.ag.ndsu.nodak.edu/bqa/images/bqa-5.gif

23. Conclusion Cattle show general health signs if they don’t “feel good” Specific health problems  Prevented by vaccines  Controlled by antibiotics Specific ways to administer medicines