1. AHA STEP I DIET IMPROVES THE LIPOPROTEIN PROFILE OF HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIC MEN Oslo Study. Am J Med 66:105,1979 263* 341 VLDL LDL HDL 41 42 26* 50* 258 157* >6.1 >3.7 * FIG 1

2. FATTY ACID BALANCE IMPROVES THE LDL/HDL RATIO IN NORMOLIPEMIC HUMANS FATTY ACID BALANCE IMPROVES THE LDL/HDL RATIO IN NORMOLIPEMIC HUMANS 174 46 176 173 VLDL LDL HDL 94 56 * Sundram et al. J.Nutr.Biochem. 6:179,1995 >2.2 >1.7* >2.1 103 48 177 95 100 48 > 2.0 FIG 2

3. LP PROFILE IN WOMEN AT HIGH vs. LOW FAT INTAKE AND 0.3 vs. 1.0 P/S RATIO 188 53 182 176 VLDL LDL HDL 117 55 Jones et al AJCN 45:1451,1987 >2.4>2.1>1.8* 127 46* 167 118 100* 55 > 2.6 I III FIG 3

4. IMPROVED LIPOPROTEIN PROFILE AFTER BALANCING THE DIETARY S:M:P RATIO Schwandt et al. ATHERO 44:9,1982 181 * 204 VLDL LDL HDL 140 43 120 * 43 >2.8* >3.3 FIG 4

5. LIPOPROTEIN PROFILE AFTER HIGH vs. MOD FAT INTAKE AT TWO P/S RATIOS 211 192 * 199 Weisweiler et al. METAB 34:83,1985 VLDL LDL HDL 156 47 135* 49 142 48 >3.3>2.8 * >3.0 FIG 5

6. 390 Schaefer et al. AJCN 34:1758,1981 171 142 * 127 ** 347* VLDL LDL HDL 291** 111 46 93* 38* 82 31** 323 225** 285* 41 3430 >7.9 >8.4 Normolipemics Hyperlipemics >7.5 >2.4 >2.6 LP PROFILE IN NORMO- v HYPERLIPEMIC SUBJECTS AT HIGH v LOW P/S RATIOS FIG 6

7. LIPOPROTEIN RESPONSE TO BALANCED FA INTAKE IN NORMOLIPEMIC MEN LIPOPROTEIN RESPONSE TO BALANCED FA INTAKE IN NORMOLIPEMIC MEN Nelson et al LIPIDS 30: 969,1995 176 VLDL LDL HDL 113 114 40 > 2..8 120 177 173 43 > 2..8 > 2..5 46 FIG. 7

8. HUMAN LIPOPROTEIN RESPONSE TO LOW-MUFA OR HIGH-MUFA DIETS HUMAN LIPOPROTEIN RESPONSE TO LOW-MUFA OR HIGH-MUFA DIETS Chang JLR 31:2141,1990 155 151 VLDL LDL HDL 84 54 90 * 50 >1.80* >1.55 n=8 crossover FIG. 8

9. CYNO MONKEY RESPONSE TO DIETARY FA BALANCE (with 0.05% cholesterol) Hayes, unpublished data 225 181180VLDL LDL HDL >1.8 >1.3*>1.7 201 > 1.3* 35%en 13:16:6 P/S 0.5 30%en 9:11:10 P/S 1.1 30%en 9:13:8 P/S 0.9 30%en 4:23:3 P/S 0.8 FIG 9

10. HUMAN LIPOPROTEIN RESPONSE TO STEPWISE REMOVAL OF SFA ( DELTA 1 ) Mustad et JLR 38:459,1997 215 203 VLDL LDL HDL >2.8 >2.9 195 > 2.8 34%en 15:13:6 P/S 0.4 29%en 9:13:6 P/S 0.7 25%en 6:13:6 P/S 1.0 * * FIG 10

11. SFA and PUFA balance enhances the LDL/HDL RATIO and 16:0+18:0 are better than 12:0+14:0 in CEBUS MONKEYS 118 90 10 102 72 9 98 63 6 105 59 ** 4 108 71 7 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 175 200 225 AADAHA-1AHA-2AHA-16:0AHA-14:0 VLDL LDL HDL Pronczuk et al. FASEB J 6:A561,1999 218 183 * 167*168* * * >0.78 >0.72 >0.65 >0.57* 35%en 13:18:6 P/S 0.5 30%en 10:10:10 P/S 0.5 25%en 5:10:10 P/S 2.0 25%en 8:8:8 P/S 1.0 Plasma cholesterol (mg/dl) 25%en 8:8:8 P/S 1.0 >0.69 184* * Fig 11

12. COMPARISON BETWEEN cis 18:1, 16:0, 12:0+14:0, AND trans 18:1 IN NORMOLIPEMIC HUMANS 186 49 189 201* VLDL LDL HDL 123 49 Sundram et al. J.Nutr.127:514s,1997 >2.6 >3.7* 124 204* 139* 149* > 3.1* 41* 46 cis 18:1 32%EN 10:17:5 P/S 0.5 16:0 32%EN 14:14:4 P/S 0.3 12+14:0 33%EN 17:10:5 P/S 0.4 trans 18:1 31%EN 7:11+7:6 P/S 0.8 Fig 12