1. 7 january, 2011 1 PRIOMF project Priority organic micropollutants filter Delft Marco Casola David de Ridder

2. 7 january, 20112 Introduction Objective Insight in removal mechanisms organic micropollutants in BGAC filter in waste water application Optimize performance of this filter based on this insight Partners

3. 7 january, 20113 Introduction Biodegradation Adsorption Synergy Adsorption & slow release micropollutants Adsorption & slow release nutrients Filtering of larger NOM molecules by biofilm Broadening spectrum of removable micropollutants

4. 7 january, 20114 Pharmaceutical selection Bio degradation Adsorption Dominant process No removal Both

5. 7 january, 20115 Carbon selection Microporous carbon (GCN1240; coconut, high activation) emphasize adsorption Non-porous carbon (lightly-activated GCN1240) Emphasize biodegradation Hydrophobic carbon Improve adsorption (?) Improve attachment biomass (?) Reference carbon (GAC1240)

6. 7 january, 20116 Bacterial strain selection Ammonia oxidizing bacteria (AOB) Methanotrophs Both aspecific Both aerobic Will be pre-grown on carbon before experiment

7. 7 january, 20117 Experiments Lab – adsorption (all on fresh & pre-grown) Hydrophobicity (HoI & TPD) Equilibrium adsorption pharmaceuticals Adsorption kinetics Lab – biodegradation AOB Biodegradation vs adsorption; blank/ref/micro/non-porous Influence AOB quantity; AOB spike/NH 4 dose/AOB inhibitor Efficacy methanotrophs; CH 4 dose Effect attachment biofilm; hydrophobic carbon/reference pilot

8. 7 january, 20118 Pilot experiments Reservoir Filter Mix Dose μpol Positive Displacement Pumps Flow microreference Non porous hydrophobicBlank Waste Optional All columns (except blank); precultivated with AOB Effluent sampling port

9. 7 january, 20119 Pilot experiments Fluidized bed! EBCT= 10 min Q= 0.02 m3/min (333 ml/min) Carbon diameter 0.5-1.7 mm (0.5/0.9/1.3/1.7) V= 27 - 4 m/h EBCT highest in smallest fraction Headloss (1.9 m, fluidized) = 0.73 m Biofilm more equally distributed over bed No clogging / preferential flow / anaerobic zone Carbon abrasion (integrity, mass, effect bio)? Positive effect abrasion on pore blockage? 3 cm 190 cm 7.5 cm

10. 7 january, 201110 Pilot experiments

11. 7 january, 201111 Results Lab experiments - adsorption Heat of immersion

12. 7 january, 201112 Results Lab experiments - adsorption Heat of immersion ± 0.5-2 mJ/m 2

13. 7 january, 201113 Results Lab experiments - adsorption Heat of immersion CarbonBET surface (m 2 /g)Heat of Immersion (mJ/m 2 ) Ref; GAC1240105022.8 Micro; GCN1240115020.4 Micro GCN1240 extra activated >130021.4 @ 1400 m 2 /g Non porous; Cocochar, not activated 36222.8 Non porous; Cocochar, lightly activated 24030.5 What about the hydrophobic one?

14. 7 january, 20111427 january, 201114 Questions?