1. Azad Madni Professor Director, SAE Program Viterbi School of Engineering azad.madni@usc.edu Platform-based Engineering: Rapid, Risk-mitigated Development of Adaptive Systems

2. Madni/2 Copyright © 2010 Azad M. Madni Motivation ■ Rapidly changing battlespace  irregular, hybrid warfare  adaptive, asymmetric threats ■ Need new class of adaptive systems  developed with speed and agility  capable of adapting to new missions, threats, operational contexts ■ Existing SE methods, processes, tools are woefully inadequate Systems 2020, a DDR&E initiative, identified Platform-Based Engineering as a “game changer” for building adaptive systems

3. Madni/3 Copyright © 2010 Azad M. Madni Platform-Based Engineering ■ A cost-effective, risk-mitigated system development approach that employs a common structure from which high quality derivative products can be developed rapidly ■ Intended to achieve rapid time-to-fielding through reuse of platform and core assets

4. Madni/4 Copyright © 2010 Azad M. Madni Platform ■ Configurable, extensible, reusable system implementation infrastructure comprising hardware, software, and networked systems ■ Encompasses domain-specific components and services that reflect  commonalities of systems in the domain (configured as reusable physical/informational components)  variabilities across domains (individually developed domain product line)  interface conventions for “plug and play” with domain infrastructure and common components ■ Includes  physical platforms (e.g., aircraft) designed to support a range of payloads or missions  information platforms that provide layered services for network management, operating system, data management, and mission support

5. Madni/5 Copyright © 2010 Azad M. Madni Challenge Develop platforms that can accommodate or evolve to satisfy changing mission goals and the needs of variable, uncertain operational environments

6. Madni/6 Copyright © 2010 Azad M. Madni PBE “Game Changers” ■ “Game Changers” are technologies or processes that enable development of fast, flexible, and adaptable systems ■ PBE game changers include  adaptive product line architectures  agility platforms  architectural patterns

7. Madni/7 Copyright © 2010 Azad M. Madni Adaptive Product Line Architectures ■ An adaptive architecture used to develop a family of systems  using a common set of core assets in a prescribed way  sharing a common set of features satisfying the needs of a market/mission ■ Enable rapid insertion and “test-drive” of new system capabilities and system evolution as part of a product line ■ Enable reduction of product development cycle time, cost, and risks by starting with “a partial solution” provided by the platform ■ Extend useful life of the platform by building in mechanisms for product line adaptation and evolution

8. Madni/8 Copyright © 2010 Azad M. Madni Agility Platforms ■ Platforms that enable fast and cost-effective adaptation to change  exploit emerging technologies  adapt to changes in regulation, policy, or threat characteristics ■ Enabled by technological advances  virtualization – assures transparency of computing resources and locations  cloud computing – enable on demand provisioning of services that support rapid, cost-effective increases/decreases of resources  architectural patterns – facilitate software development and integration  adaptive product line architectures – facilitate automated reasoning about the platform to achieve adaptive system behavior and seamless legacy integration

9. Madni/9 Copyright © 2010 Azad M. Madni Architectural Patterns ■ Offer solutions to specific software and hardware development problems within a particular domain that can be exploited (with modifications) in many systems development contexts ■ Facilitate automated reasoning about platform to achieve adaptive system behavior and seamless legacy integration ■ Offer a foundation for architectural style, reference architectures, middleware platforms, and application frameworks ■ Enable faster development of flexible/adaptable systems ■ Applications include  achieving alignment of organizations and systems  discovering new ways to rapidly build flexible, adaptable, versatile platforms (e.g., data mining to uncover latent patterns in architecture and find opportunities for reuse of components/subsystems)

10. Madni/10 Copyright © 2010 Azad M. Madni PBE Game Changer Relationships

11. Madni/11 Copyright © 2010 Azad M. Madni Critical Research Areas: Adaptive Product Line Architectures ■Mechanisms for introducing real options to enable downstream introduction of new technology in cost-effective fashion ■Methodology for designing resource and schedule buffers to absorb changes in product line ■Methodology for determining how far a product line can be adapted before it loses its value proposition and competitive advantage

12. Madni/12 Copyright © 2010 Azad M. Madni Critical Research Areas: Agility Platforms ■Methodology to analyze multiple tradeoffs impacting platform agility ■Methodology to evaluate tradeoffs between product line scope and platform agility, and between product line robustness and platform agility

13. Madni/13 Copyright © 2010 Azad M. Madni Critical Research Areas: Architectural Patterns ■Scale proven software architectural patterns to systems ■Specify integration patterns for hardware-software integration and human-system integration ■Develop reasoning mechanisms based on system architectural patterns

14. Madni/14 Copyright © 2010 Azad M. Madni PBE Benefits ■ Adaptive Product Line Architecture  extend useful life of the product line by “absorbing” or “adapting to” change ■ Agility Platform  rapid, cost-effective adaptation to new requirements and changes in the operational and regulatory environment ■ Architectural Patterns  Facilitate and accelerate development and integration of APLAs and APs Speed up of 4x to 10x observed in commercial firms.

15. Madni/15 Copyright © 2010 Azad M. Madni Questions?