4. 10 mV 100 ms 5 s

9. 10 mV 5 s

13. Transient current injection to the cell can toggle its state

14. I V I V

15. Climbing FiberParallel Fiber

16. Climbing fibers response and Ca changes

17. LTD: Long Term Depression

18. LTD time course

19. LTD: specificity PSTH: Post Stimulus Time Histogram

20. LTD: Properties

21. Involvement of AMPA receptors in LTD induction. Pairing PF-mediated EPSPs with depolarization of PCs Pairing quisqualate application with depolarization of cultured PCs

22. Involvement of mGluR1 and PKC in LTD induction. In the presence of antibodies inactivating mGluR1 control The same in knockout mice lacking functional mGluR1 BAPTA PKC (19¯36) PKC(glu 27 ) (19¯36) Control

23. Mechanism of LTD

24. SS activity following vestibular stimulation CS activity following optical stimulation

25. Mechanism of VOR gain change

26. L7-PKC transgene

27. Expression of PKC in L7-PKC mice

28. Glutamate+Depolarization LTD in L7-PKC mice

29. VOR gain change in L7-PKC mice

31. Involvement of PKC activation in LTD induction. BAPTA PKC (19¯36) PKC(glu 27 ) (19¯36) Control NOS inhibitor L-NMMA Control