23. Reef Types Fringing Barrier Atoll

24. Reef Growth “Catch up” “Keep up” “Give up”

25. Reef Organisms through Time Stromatolites Stromatoporoids Rugose and Tabulate Coral Rudistid Bivalves Productid Brachiopods Serpulid Worms Modern (Scleractinid) Corals Sponges Oysters

26. Coral Algal Reefs

27. Oyster Reefs

28. Sponge Reefs

29. Stromatolite Reefs

30. Coral Bleaching Zooxanthallae-symbiotic microalgae (photosynthesizers)

31. Coral Bleaching Temperature (1-2 degrees Excess nutrients (runoff) Subareal exposure Sedimentation Fresh water dilution (storm generated runoff)

32. Coral Bleaching