1. Day 4 Agenda Talk about Lufthansa Case Topics for lab ROI, HIPAA, CMC Goals See information systems in context Understand the connection between Societal Issues and Information Systems

2. Lufthansa Case Goals: Keep 3,500 highly mobile airline pilots: Trained on the latest technology and procedures Plugged into the corporate infrastructure Informed about schedules, weather events, and other facts that affect their jobs Control costs

3. Lufthansa Case Productivity and Efficiency Improvements: Pilots can access updated data electronically. Pilots can work in a variety of locations including airplanes, airports, hotels, and other remote locations. Pilots appreciate the convenience of not having to carry heavy manuals and documentation to multiple locations. Pilots can take their required training on their laptops during downtime in any airport.

4. Lufthansa Case: People ?

5. Lufthansa Case: Hardware, Software, Network ?

6. Lufthansa Case: Data ?

7. Lufthansa Case: Inputs, Outputs, Processing ?

8. Lufthansa Case: Feedback ?

9. Chapter 1 Summary There is no longer a distinction between an IT project and a business initiative. Information systems are an important contributor to operational efficiency, employee productivity and morale, and customer service and satisfaction.

10. Chapter 1 Summary Information systems are a major source of information and support needed to promote effective decision making by managers and business professionals. Information systems can be categorized based on their intended purpose.

11. Chapter 1 Summary Managing and using information systems can pose several challenges including the development process and ethical responsibilities.

12. Lab 2 GE Centricity Case More about attributes of information Societal Issues: HIPPA Computer Mediated Communication (CMC) Group Decision Support Systems (GDSS)

13. Lab 2: I/P/O/F/S Analysis For Centricity, identify specific: Inputs (patient history, tests, etc.) Processing (calculations, searching, etc.) Outputs (screens, e-mail, reports, charts, etc) Feedback (How is system performing?) Stakeholders Individuals or organizations that have an interest in the operation or outcome of the system.

14. Remember the 11 attributes? Remember this picture?

15. Consider Trade-offs Enemies Accessible vs. Secure Accurate vs. Complete Reliable/Accurate/Complete vs. Economical

16. Consider Return On Investment (ROI) How does the system save help save money? How does the system add value compared to the old systems? What were the top 4 savings areas? Consider Intangibles Can be difficult to measure E.g., staff morale -> less turnover How long will it take to get ROI?

17. Consider Societal Issues: HIPAA The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA) Includes Health Insurance Portability and Privacy Act. Google: HIPAA or HIPPA What are the ramifications?

18. HIPAA: Simplification “Administrative Simplification really means standardization of electronic transmissions and procedure/diagnosis codes.” Standard Electronic Transactions and Code Sets, Security, Unique Identifiers and Privacy measures.

19. HIPAA: Privacy and Personal Health Information (PHI) Patients have a right to know how their PHI will be used. PHI is very valuable to commercial entities. Why? Health Care providers can not share it without the consent of the patient. Providers can be penalized if they share it for “other purposes.”

20. HIPPA: Security Administrative Procedures Improved procedures/policies for records handling Backups Physical Safeguards Computer room access, protect from fire and water Technical Security Services and Mechanisms Logins, passwords, audit trail Data encryption, firewalls, etc.

21. Computer-Mediated Communication (CMC) Voice-mail or E-mail – one way (asynchronous) IM / chat rooms – two way (synchronous) Videophone Interactive internet games

22. Ramifications of CMC? Loss of Cues = cause misunderstandings Facial expressions Tone of voice Hand gestures Pauses Laughs Make up for it by emoticons or careful writing! (sarcasm)

23. What else happens? Writing becomes more informal Lower case, no punctuation, abbreviations: POS G2G TTFN LOL Is this due to information overload? We become more “self-absorbed” More interested in our own problems than other Hate speech, rantings or angry Web logs do this a lot…

24. Caveats: careful! Never reply in anger – wait until the next day. Can send something stupid or personal to many people at once – watch reply to group. E-mail can be saved easily and used against you. E-mail is powerful and gives access to powerful people – flattens organization. Use it wisely!

25. Question? Do employers have a right to read or control your e-mail? Court rulings say: yes, mostly: Company time and resources Privacy as basic human right. Don’t work there!

26. Group Decision Support Systems (GDSS) A DSS that meets the needs for a group decision. Provides support in group decision-making settings. A GDSS allows you to communicate with group members that are in the same building or half-way across the world.

27. Characteristics of a GDSS Easy to use Decision-making Support Support Brainstorming Encourage Group Consensus (voting, gap analysis) Allow Anonymous input Reduce negative group behavior