1. Conditional Clause Type II: untrue (contrary to fact) in the present/future e.g. If I taught this class, I wouldn’t give tests --> meaning: In truth, I don’t teach this class. If he were here right now, he would help us --> meaning: In truth, he is not here right now. Were is used for both singular and plural subjects.

2. Conditional Clause Type III: Untrue (contrary to fact) in the past If you had told me about the problem, I would have helped you --> meaning: In truth, you did not tell me. The auxiliary verbs are almost always contracted in speech: If you’d told me, I would’ve helped you (OR: I’d’ve helped you)

3. Conditional Clause With were, had (past perfect), and should, sometimes if is omitted and the subject and verb are inverted. E.g. Were I you, I wouldn’t do that --> Were I you = If I were you Should anyone call, please take a message --> Should anyone call = If anyone should call