1. Raman Probe System EE496 Tersha Enriques Hawaii Natural Energy Institute

2. Overview Methane Hydrates Calorimetry & Raman Spectroscopy Raman Probe System: Block Diagram Probe in Detail What’s Left Timeline.

3. Energy Source Seafloor Stability

4. Current Research Objective: properties of Methane Hydrates Destabilization Experiments Biological cultures Calorimeter to observe changes in energy

5. Calorimetry Results: H 2 O Forming Water  Ice Melting Ice  Water

6. Methane Hydrate Forming Original: Ice Forming Methane Hydrate Forming

7. Methane Hydrate Decomposing Original: Ice Melting Methane Hydrate Decomposing Into Water and Methane Gas

8. Raman Spectroscopy Rayleigh Scattering: Raman Effect Scattered rays have same energy as incident ray Scattered rays have different energy compared to incident ray

9. Raman Spectroscopy

10. Raman Probe System Laser Spectrometer Raman Probe Calorimeter Optical LinkPressure InPressure Out Beamsplitter

11. Calorimeter Raman Probe Pressure Tubes Sample Chamber

12. Laser Spectrometer Raman Probe Sample Chamber

13. Original Probe Design

14. New Probe Design No filters No lenses

15. New Probe Design 6-around-1 design Emits light Collects light Sample Single Fiber Acceptance Cone

16. Timeline: Gantt Chart

18. Questions?

19. HYDRATES Ice-like solids comprising a lattice of hydrogen-bonded water molecules; guest molecules occupy cavities of the lattice CH 4 6H 2 O; enthalpy of dissociation ~ 55 MJ/kmol CH 4 = 0.44 kJ/gm hydrate Stable hydrates exist in the deep ocean at conditions above the ice point and in permafrost Structure I Structure IIStructure H

20. CALORIMETRY Hydrate and sediment thermochemistry Biocalorimetry Simultaneous spectroscopy & calorimetry Photoxidation

22. Raman Probe System Spectrometer Laser Probe Sample Laser Spectrometer Probe Calorimeter

23. What’s Left? Laser  Wire transfer needs to go through for prepayment  Wait for laser to arrive Raman Probe  Waiting for Romack to finish manufacturing  Test probe  Assemble and verify that it all works

24. Lot’s Left… Acquisition of Set-up Equipment  Optical breadboard  Beamsplitter or other way to measure input energy  Wait for everything to arrive