1. School Bullying and Gang Activities in Hong Kong Dr Lo Tit Wing Director, Youth Studies Net, CityU

2. Public Housing Estate: the Breeding Ground for Youth Gangs Densely populated Low-income working parents Ineffective supervision of children’s leisure activities Increase their risk of gang attachment

3. Triad Influences

4. 天水圍

5. 元朗

6. 屯門北

7. 屯門南

8. 荃灣 / 葵涌

9. 大埔 / 北區 I

10. 大埔 / 北區 II

11. 沙田

12. 九龍城 / 黃大仙

13. 觀塘

14. 深水 

15. 油尖旺

16. 銅鑼灣 Causeway Bay 西灣河 Sai Wan Ho 東區 / 灣仔

17. 東 LEI TUNG 南區

18. 年齡範圍 10 歲－ 30 歲

19. 成員性別 性別 成員數目 (94%) (6%) 成員總數： 3587

20. 幫團成員人數 幫團數目 成員數目 54% 23%

21. Territory

23. Gang A’s TerritoryGang B’s Territory

24. Territory

25. Housing Estate A - Gang A’s Territory Housing Estate B - Gang B’s Territory

26. Territory ` ` ` ` ` ` ` ` ` ` ` ` ` `

27. Joining a Gang Gang power is territory-based New recruits are neighbours, relatives, friends or classmates Few are recruited by intimidation or out of curiosity

28. Joining a Gang Age : 10-17 years old Needs: being protected Having collective power and fun

29. 13121110 Structure of a Triad Youth Gang Age * * ** * ****

30. 17161514 13 12 11 10 Structure of a Triad Youth Gang Age * * ** * **** * * ** * *** * * ** * ** * * * * * ** * * * ** * * *

31. 21201918 17 16 15 14 13 12 11 10 Structure of a Triad Youth Gang Age * * * * * * * * * * * * * * ** * **** * * ** * *** * * ** * ** * * * * * ** * * * ** * * *

32. 21201918 17 16 15 14 13 12 11 10 Structure of a Triad Youth Gang Age * * * * * * * * * * * * * * ** * **** * * ** * *** * * ** * ** * * * * * ** * * * ** * * *

33. 21 20 19 18 17 16 15 14 13 12 11 10 Structure of a Triad Youth Gang Age * * * * ** * 7*45* * 4 ** 6 *** * * ** * ** * * * * * ** * 14 43 ** * * * * * * * * * * * * *

34. 21 20 19 18 17 16 15 14 13 12 11 10 Structure of a Triad Youth Gang Age * * * * ** * 7*45* * 4 ** 6 *** * * ** * ** * 22 * * * ** * 14 43 ** * 17 * * 20 * * * * * * * *

35. 21 20 19 18 17 16 15 14 13 12 11 10 Structure of a Triad Youth Gang Age * * * * ** * 7*45* * 4 ** 6 *** * * ** * ** * 22 * * * ** * 14 43 ** * 17 * * 20 * * * * * * * *

36. 21 20 19 18 17 16 15 14 13 12 11 10 Structure of a Triad Youth Gang Age * * * * ** * 7*45* * 4 ** 6 *** * * ** * ** * 22 * * * *29 44 14 43 ** * 17 * * 20 * * * * * 11 * *

37. 21 20 19 18 17 16 15 14 13 12 11 10 Structure of a Triad Youth Gang Age * * * * ** * 7*45* * 4 ** 6 *** * * ** * ** * 22 * * * *29 44 14 43 ** * 17 * * 20 * * * * * 11 * *

38. 21 20 19 18 17 16 15 14 13 12 11 10 Structure of a Triad Youth Gang Age * * * * 89 3 7*45* * 4 ** 6 **2 * * ** 18 *28 * 22 * * * *29 44 14 43 ** * 17 * * 20 * * * * * 11 * *

39. 21 20 19 18 17 16 15 14 13 12 11 10 Structure of a Triad Youth Gang Age * * * * 89 3 7*45* * 4 ** 6 **2 * * *26 18 1028 * 22 * * * 1329 44 14 43 ** * 17 * * 20 * * * 83 * 11 * *

40. 21 20 19 18 17 16 15 14 13 12 11 10 Structure of a Triad Youth Gang Age * * * * 89 3 7*45* * 4 ** 6 **2 * * *26 18 1028 * 22 * * * 1329 44 14 43 ** * 17 * * 20 * * * 83 * 11 * *

41. 21 20 19 18 17 16 15 14 13 12 11 10 Structure of a Triad Youth Gang Age 81 95 * * 89 3 7*45* * 4 ** 6 **2 * * *26 18 1028 * 22 * * * 1329 44 14 43 3621 100 17 96 47 20 37 50 100 83 101 11 38 82

42. 21 20 19 18 17 16 15 14 13 12 11 10 Structure of a Triad Youth Gang Age 81 95 41 89 89 3 7154516 1 4 2312 6 2452 19 35 3126 18 1028 46 22 42 30 27 1329 44 14 43 3621 100 17 96 47 20 37 50 100 83 101 11 38 82 ** * * ** * ** * *** * * ** * *** ** *** * ** * ** ** * *** **** *** *** *** ** * ** ***

43. 幫團內副組與年齡的關係 22 11 16 年齡年齡 0 每週「蒲」的頻率

44. Transmission of Subculture Territory Line Relationship

45. Similar to a Web Networking of Young People

46. What happen after 3 years?

47. 21 20 19 18 17 16 15 14 13 12 11 10 Structure of a Triad Youth Gang Age 81 95 41 89 89 3 7154516 1 4 2312 6 2452 19 35 3126 18 1028 46 22 42 30 27 1329 44 14 43 3621 100 17 96 47 20 37 50 100 83 101 11 38 82 ** * * ** * ** * *** * * ** * *** ** *** * ** * ** ** * *** **** *** *** *** ** * ** ***

48. Promote to F.1

49. Bully Others !!! Being Bullied !!!

50. Housing Estate A - Gang A’s Territory Housing Estate B - Gang B’s Territory School Gang A’s member   Gang B’s member Conflict ! G a n g f i g h t

51. Gang Conflicts Deeply Involved in Gang Activities Alienated from School Life

52. Physical Bullying Likely a Symptom of Gang Delinquency Early Identification Early Intervention