1. Unit 6 University of Sunderland COMM80 Risk Assessment of Systems Change Risk Assessment: the Generic Concept COMM80: Risk Assessment of Systems Change Unit 6

2. University of Sunderland COMM80 Risk Assessment of Systems Change Objectives of Session Coverage To understand the importance of risk assessment. To consider some generic techniques: e.g. prioritisation, ranking. To introduce two specific techniques (not dealt within in detail here) To consider the use of software support tools.

3. Unit 6 University of Sunderland COMM80 Risk Assessment of Systems Change Why Assess Risks? How Assess Risks? Why? Because can’t monitor all risks in a project –so need to monitor and control the most significant ones. How? –Quantify: assign a value to each risk –Prioritise: use the risk value to assign a priority typically high, medium, low (or some numerical scale within a project). –Rank: compare risks within a project against their risk value to determine their relative importance.

4. Unit 6 University of Sunderland COMM80 Risk Assessment of Systems Change Risk Quantification Risk = (probability of occurrence) x (impact). Need to measure or estimate probability and impact. –These are not absolute values but judgements made by decision makers. Probability is defined on a scale 0 to 1 (impossible to certain) or 0% to 100% Impact is defined on a (user defined) scale –e.g.:scale 0 to 10: no impact (0) to catastrophic (10)

5. Unit 6 University of Sunderland COMM80 Risk Assessment of Systems Change Generic techniques There are many techniques for risk assessment. Generic/standard techniques include –Prioritisation and Ranking, –Analytical Hierarchy Process, –Decision Trees, –Bayesian Belief Networks.

6. Unit 6 University of Sunderland COMM80 Risk Assessment of Systems Change Quantifying/ Ranking/Prioritising This basic approach will be illustrated using the Risk Radar TM software to provide examples. Risk Radar TM (V2.02) is a free software product. Developed by Integrated Computer Engineering, Inc (ICE) under a DoD contract –Available from: www.iceinceUSA.com and www.spmn.com (Software Program Managers Network (SPMN)).

7. Unit 6 University of Sunderland COMM80 Risk Assessment of Systems Change Risk Radar TM Provides standard database functions to add and delete risks, specialised functions for prioritising and retiring project risks. –Including prioritisation of risks through automatic sorting and risk-specific movement. the option of a user-defined risk management plan and a log of historical events for each risk.

8. Unit 6 University of Sunderland COMM80 Risk Assessment of Systems Change Risk Radar - Initial form

9. Unit 6 University of Sunderland COMM80 Risk Assessment of Systems Change Set Up Project

10. Unit 6 University of Sunderland COMM80 Risk Assessment of Systems Change Risk Documentation

11. Unit 6 University of Sunderland COMM80 Risk Assessment of Systems Change Information About Individual Risks For each risk recorded additional information is held - such as the area of the project it affects, where control resides, etc.

12. Unit 6 University of Sunderland COMM80 Risk Assessment of Systems ChangePrioritisation Subjective estimates are made: –based on professional judgement of the probability that a risk will occur and its negative impact on the project if it does. risk exposure = probability * impact value.

13. Unit 6 University of Sunderland COMM80 Risk Assessment of Systems ChangePrioritisation Risk impact could be broken down and quantified into all kinds of impacts areas, such as: the schedule impact in terms of days or cost impact in financial terms, –in reality, it is not possible to quantify these impacts with any degree of accuracy. –Adding multiple impact areas adds complexity to the risk management process for little quantitative benefit. –The impact rating system only suggests the total impact the risk could have on a specific project.

14. Unit 6 University of Sunderland COMM80 Risk Assessment of Systems ChangePrioritisation Risk Radar TM does not assign any meaning to an impact value. –The project team must define the meanings and keep to them. These numbers are, usually based on past professional experience. –The software uses risk exposure as a means to rank risks relative to one another within a project. –It is inappropriate to compare risks across projects solely based on numerical factors such as probability, impact, or exposure.

15. Unit 6 University of Sunderland COMM80 Risk Assessment of Systems Change Prioritising Risks in Risk Radar The upper figure shows risks ranked according to exposure rate. However, if a risk manager felt that “Poor Interface Design” should have a higher ranking than “Poor Data Quality” they could be re-arranged them manually as shown below.

16. Unit 6 University of Sunderland COMM80 Risk Assessment of Systems Change View Risk Impact

17. Unit 6 University of Sunderland COMM80 Risk Assessment of Systems Change View Risk Impact When this cell is clicked the next window is shown.

18. Unit 6 University of Sunderland COMM80 Risk Assessment of Systems Change Change in risks profile over time April to July