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Battery Chemistry Electrochemical Cells Cu 2+ (aq) + Zn(s) Cu(s) + Zn 2+ (aq)
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Electric Cars Chevy Volt: Charge uses 8 kWh of electricity to drive 40 miles Equivalent in miles per gallon:
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Is it worth it? Cost of Ch. Volt = $40,000 Accord/Camry = $25,000
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Energy Density: Burning Ethanol CH 3 CH 2 OH + 3 O 2 2 CO 2 + 3 H 2 O G = -1324 kJ/mol Energy per kg:
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Energy Density: Lead Acid Car Battery Pb + PbO 2 + 2 H 2 SO 4 2 PbSO 4 + 2 H 2 O n = 4, E o = 2.05 V, F = 96.5 kJ/V G = -nFE o Energy per kg: combined molar mass = 643 g/mol
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Goals for Battery Development:
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Battery Chemistry Cu 2+ (aq) + Zn(s) Cu(s) + Zn 2+ (aq)
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E o cell = E o cathode - E o anode
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Common Batteries:
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Nickel Metal Hydride Batteries Anode: Cathode: Alloy is a mixture of 1 part (lanthanum, cerium, neodymium) and 5 parts (nickel, cobalt, manganese, aluminum)
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Lithium Ion Batteries Anode:LiCoO 2 Li 1-x CoO 2 + x Li + + x e - Cathode: x Li + x e - + C Li x C
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Fuel Cells
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