1. Brain Machine Interaction

2. Non-invasive BCIs Electroencephalography(EEG) - the neurophysiologic measurement of the electrical activity of the brain by recording from electrodes placed on the scalp or, in special cases, subdurally or in the cerebral cortex. EEG stands for electroencephalography which is a safe and quick way of recording the electrical activity of the brain. The simultaneous activity of thousands and thousands of neurons in the brain can be detected and recorded with small electrodes placed at the scalp. What we are mainly interested, however, is the way your brain reacts to some outside event (like a speech sound, tone or a picture) and to separate these from the general electrical activity, we record a multiple set of these reactions, add them and average them –this procedure is called event-related potential (ERP) technique.

3. Non-invasive BCIs But is not just for the looks... In 1999, researchers at Case Western Reserve University led by Hunter Peckham, used 64- electrode EEG skullcap to return limited hand movements to quadriplegic Jim Jatich. As Jatich concentrated on simple but opposite concepts like up and down, his beta-rhythm EEG output was analysed using software to identify patterns in the noise. A basic pattern was identified and used to control a switch: Above average activity was set to on, below average off. As well as enabling Jatich to control a computer cursor the signals were also used to drive the nerve controllers embedded in his hands, restoring some movement.