1. Internationalized Domain Names (IDN) and Reverse DNS APNIC Taipei James Seng jseng@pobox.org.sg co-chair, IDN Working Group

2. Internationalized Domain Names 华人. 公司.cn 華人. 商業.tw 高島屋. 会社.jp 삼성. 회사.kr 三星. 회사.kr الاهرام. م viagénie.qc.ca ישראל. קום ทีเอชนิค. พาณิชย์. ไทย 現代.com ヤフー.com

3. Punycode RFC3492  Designed for use with Internationalized Domain Names  It uniquely and reversibly transforms a Unicode string into an LDH string (Letter, Digit, Hyphen)  Some compression to produce shorter string  e.g. 新加坡 xn—yfro4i67omp3m

4. Stringprep/Nameprep RFC3454/RFC3451  Prepare internationalized domain name labels in order to increase the likelihood that name input and name comparison work in ways that make sense for typical users throughout the world.  Based on UTR#15 (Normalization) & UTR#22 (Case Mapping)  Stringprep is the generic processing [RFC3454]  Nameprep is a profile of stringprep for Internationalized Domain Names

5. IDNA RFC3490  IDNA only upgrade in applications to handle IDN  Consideration of legacy encoding and interopability  Enforce Nameprep in applications  Uses Nameprep-ACE’ed IDN over the wire

6. IDNA-Nameprep-Punycode User IDNA processing Resolver DNS Servers Application Servers End System Punycode unless protocol is updated Punycode (Any encoding)

7. IDNA-Nameprep-Punycode User IDNA processing Resolver DNS Servers Application Servers Input: 新加坡 (48 34 28 51 38 34) GBK xn—yfro4i67omp3m (E6 96 B0 E5 8A A0 E5 9D A1) UTF-8

8. So what? What does it mean to me as an DNS operator?

9. Delegation of 新加坡.sg sg.INSOAnic.sg. root.nic.sg ( 2003011401 ;Serial 3H;Refresh 15M;Retry 7D;Expire 1D);Minimum TTL IN NSns.nic.sg.... xn—yfro4i67omp3mINNSns.singapore.sg. INNSns2.singapore.sg. ns.singapore.sg.INA11.22.33.44 ns2.singapore.sg.INA22.33.44.55

10. Hosting of 新加坡.sg (in named.conf) zone "xn—yfro4i67omp3m.sg" { type "master“; file "singapore_db"; } (in singapore_db) xn—yfro4i67omp3m.sg.INSOA singapore.sg. root.singapore.sg ( 2003011401 ;Serial 3H;Refresh 15M;Retry 7D;Expire 1D);Minimum TTL IN NSns.singapore.sg. INNSns2.singapore.sg. INA1.2.3.4

11. Hosting of 新加坡.sg (Reverse) (in named.conf) zone "3.2.1.in-addr.arpa" { type "master"; file "3.2.1_db"; } (in 3.2.1_db) @INSOA singapore.sg. root.singapore.sg ( 2003011401 ;Serial 3H;Refresh 15M;Retry 7D;Expire 1D);Minimum TTL IN NSns.singapore.sg. INNSns2.singapore.sg. 1INAxn—yfro4i67omp3m.sg.

12. One Problem How the !@#$%^& I know 新加坡 => xn—yfro4i67omp3m?

13. Known tools available  IDNKIT-1.2 http://www.nic.ad.jp/ja/idn/mdnkit/do wnload/#source  GNU libidn http://www.gnu.org/software/libidn/  Others?

14. OR