1. Subclass: Liliidae Order: Liliales Family: Liliaceae
1. Herbaceous perennials
2. Actinomorphic
3. 3-merous (6 stamen)
4. Ovary mostly superior
Lilium, Smilacina, Allium

2. Subclass: Liliidae Order: Liliales Family: Iridaceae
1. Herbaceous perennials
2. Equitant Leaves
3. Mostly Irregular, Actinomorphic
4. 3-merous (3 stamen)
5. Ovary mostly inferior
6. Fruit: capsule
Iris, Gladiolus, Crocus, Sisyrinchum

3. Subclass: Commelinidae Order: Commelinales Family: Commelinaceae
1. Herbs with succulent stems.
2. Leaves with closed basal sheath.
3. Sepals 3, green.
4. Petals usually 3, usually blue.
5. Filaments often hairy.
6. Ovary superier; 3 carpels, 3 locules.
7. Six (6) stamen, 3 often stamenoid.
Trandescantia “spiderwort”
Commelina “day flower”

4. 2. Leaves alternate,simple, stipulate.
Subclass: Magnoliidae Order: Magnoliales Family: Magnoliaceae “magnolia”
1. Trees or shrubs.
2. Leaves alternate,simple, stipulate.
3. Solitary flowers; perfect; regular.
4. Numerous flower parts spirally arranged.
Liriodendron, Magnolia

5. Subclass: Magnoliidae Order: Ranunculales Family: Ranunculaceae
1. Annual or perennial herbs, sometimes shrubs or vines
2. Leaves mostly alternate, often palmately divided
3. Flowers typically bisexual, actinomorhic or zygomorphic
4. Calyx 3 to many; corolla 5 to many
5. Androecium 5 to many
6. Gynecium 3 to many pistils; superior on knob
Ranunculus (“buttercups”), “columbine”, “larkspurs”, “virgin’s bower”

6. Subclass: Dilleniidae
Subclass: Dilleniidae Order: Salicales Family:Brassicaceae (Cruciferae)
1. Herbs
2. Leaves simple, often dissected
3. Inflorescence usually a raceme
4. Flowers bisexual, actinomorphic
5. Corolla usually 4 petals - cross
6. Androecium of 6 stamen: 4 long, 2 short
7. Gynecium a compound pistil with 2 carpels, 2 locules
8. Fruit: a silique or silicle
Brassica, “mustards”, “shepard’s purse”

7. Subclass: Asteridae Order: Solanales Family:Polemoniaceae
1. Herbs, shrubs, rarely trees
2. Flowers bisexual and actinomorphic
3. 5-merous and twisted in the bud
4. Calyx of 5 united sepals
5. Corolla of 5 united petals
6. One style; 3 stigma lobes
7. Fruit: a loculicidal capsule
Polemonium (“Jacob’s ladder”), Phlox, Gila

8. SubclassRosidae Order: Apiales Family: Apiaceae (Umbelliferae)
1. Aromatic biennial or perennial herbs with hollow leaf stems.
2. Leaves compound with sheathing bases.
3. Inflorescence umbellate.
4. Flowers bisexual, actinomorphic, 5-merous; 2 carpels.
Ca5, Co5, A5, G2
Daucus (“wild carrot”), Conium (“poison hemlock”),
Pastinaca (“wild parsnip”), Sanicula (“black snakeroot”)

9. Subclass: Caryophyllidae Order: Caryophyllales Family: Caryophyllaceae
1. Annual or perennial herbs with swollen nodes.
2. Leaves opposite; simple; connected at the base with a transverse line.
3. Bisexual; actinomorphic; 5-merous (stamen 5 or 10).
4. Pistil with free central placentation; 1 locule.
5. Fruit; a dry capsule opening with teeth or valves.
Dianthus (“pinks”), Stellaria (“chickweeds”),
Silene (“catchfly”), Lychnis (“campion”)