1. Grammar Notes 7 th Grade Standards

2. Sentence types  Declarative: make a statement The weather is cloudy today.  Interrogative: asks a questions Is the weather cloudy today?  Exclamatory: expresses with strong emotion. Our game has been cancelled! Our game has been cancelled!  Imperative: gives a command. Call the team members.

3.  Participle: A word that looks like action (a verb), but is being used as an adjective. A word that looks like action (a verb), but is being used as an adjective.Examples: I have a burning desire to succeed. He was a running superstar. She is a traveling salesperson.

4.  Appositive a phrase that restates, or says with different words, the noun that precedes it. It is set off with commas. Examples: Junior, my favorite uncle, is coming to visit. Our prom king, Homer Simpson, is very popular. We plan to visit our state’s capital, Sacramento, during our vacation.

5.  Infinitive the word “to” plus a verb. Examples: We want to go to the movies. Sylvia hopes to attend Yale University. He ran very fast to jump the hurdles.

6.  Phrase: A group of words working together as a single part of speech that do not have both a subject and a verb. Examples: went to the movies. (No subject. Who went?) The best friend in the world (No verb. What about the friend? under the bed (No subject or verb).

7.  Clause: A group of words with both a subject and a verb. Independent Clause: Could stand alone as a complete sentence. Example: He ran fast. Dependant Clause: Could not be its own sentence. Not a complete thought. Could not be its own sentence. Not a complete thought. Example: until he ran fast. ©Created by Cathy Shope, EWMS 2006