1. Home automation and software agents 7Y910 Home automation and robotics 9-4-2008 Michiel Brink m.brink@student.tue.nl

2. 9-4-20082 Schedule Objective Introduction –Home automation system –Agents How to use agents for home automation Agent based home automation system Building an agent based HAS 45 min Break Presentation Assignment 15 min 45 min

3. 9-4-20083 Index Objective Introduction –Home automation system –Agents How to use agents for home automation Agent based home automation system Building an agent based HAS

4. 9-4-20084 Objective Learn about agents and home automation Know about how agents can be used in a home automation system Know how to build an agent-based home automation system Think up some home automation agents and services

5. 9-4-20085 Index Objective Introduction –Home automation system –Agents How to use agents for home automation Agent based home automation system Building an agent based HAS

6. 9-4-20086 What is a home automation system? Introduction

7. 9-4-20087 Why a home automation system? To satisfy the need to increase: Health (reaction on a CO detection) Safety (good lighting to avoid falling) Security (burglar detection) Indoor environment (increase air quality) Sustainability (reduce energy consumption) Comfort (adjusting air temperature) in dwellings Especially older people have a great need for a system that maintains their: Vitality (both mental and physical) Independence (put off moving to nursing house) [1: D. J. Cook, 2006] Introduction

8. 9-4-20088 Introduction Current home automation systems more than one standard vendor lock-in not as flexible as desired expensive Need for: open flexible cost effective Software agents? [www.knx.org, 2008] [www.echelon.com/developers/lonworks, 2008] [www.x10.com/technology1, 2008] [www.zigbee.org, 2008]

9. 9-4-20089 Introduction Software Agents: what are they? Many definitions A piece of autonomous software: Responsibilities Goals Social Reactive Proactive Intelligent [http://www.365halloween.com/halloween-costumes/suit-halloween-costume-ideas.php, 2008] [H.S. Nwana, 1996]

10. 9-4-200810 Introduction Agent-based home automation system Why? reduce complexity improve flexibility easy implementation of intelligence and self learning

11. 9-4-200811 Index Objective Introduction –Home automation system –Agents How to use agents for home automation Agent based home automation system Building an agent based HAS

12. 9-4-200812 How to use agents for home automation Several ways to use agents in a home automation system Control existing home automation system with one or more agents (centralized intelligent) Example: MavHome [D. J. Cook, 2006] (uses X10 home automation system)

13. 9-4-200813 Several ways to use agents in a home automation system Control home automation system components directly on a central location with one or more agents (centralized intelligent) Example: I.L.S.A project [Karen Zita Haigh, 2002] How to use agents for home automation

14. 9-4-200814 Several ways to use agents in a home automation system Control home automation system components with decentralized agents (decentralized intelligent) Example: C@SA project [B. De Carolis, 2005] How to use agents for home automation

15. 9-4-200815 Several ways to use agents in a home automation system Use completely decentralized agents UMASS Intelligent Home project [V. Lesser, 1999] How to use agents for home automation

16. 9-4-200816 Several ways to use agents in a home automation system Use hierarchy Example: C@SA project [B. De Carolis, 2005] How to use agents for home automation

17. 9-4-200817 Several ways to use agents in a home automation system Do not use hierarchy How to use agents for home automation

18. 9-4-200818 Today: Do not use hierarchy Use completely decentralized agents How to use agents for home automation

19. 9-4-200819 Index Objective Introduction –Home automation system –Agents How to use agents for home automation Agent based home automation system Building an agent based HAS

20. 9-4-200820 Agent-based home automation system Reliability Flexibility (Cost effective) But harder to realize! So main idea: Decentralized intelligence: each component in the home automation system, has its own agent No hierarchy: All components are equal to each other OSI model: agents are applications (Open System Interconnection)

21. 9-4-200821 Agent-based home automation system Problems: Completely decentralized: how do agents know about each other? Lots of components in a network: how to limit use of bandwidth? How do agents know where they are? Different home automation aspects: what communication protocol will agents use? No hierarchy: how to handle task conflicts? How to modify the system? …

22. 9-4-200822 Agent information distribution: Agents have a database with information about other agents Agents share information in their database with each other Agent-based home automation system

23. 9-4-200823 Plug and Play Agent-based home automation system

24. 9-4-200824 Communication standards: Agents should support or able to learn multiple communication standards Agent-based home automation system

25. 9-4-200825 Location control Agent-based home automation system

26. 9-4-200826 Retrieving information from other agents Reduce network use: no broadcasting Agent can subscribe at each other to report specified status change Agent-based home automation system

27. 9-4-200827 Goals of agents Each component its own agent: task conflicts Agent-based home automation system

28. 9-4-200828 Goals of agents Approaches to solve task conflicts Agent-based home automation system

29. 9-4-200829 Goals of agents Approaches to solve task conflicts Agent-based home automation system

30. 9-4-200830 Goals of agents Approaches to solve task conflicts Agent-based home automation system

31. 9-4-200831 Goals of agents Approaches to solve task conflicts Agent-based home automation system

32. 9-4-200832 Goals of agents Approaches to solve task conflicts Agent-based home automation system

33. 9-4-200833 Goals of agents Approaches to solve task conflicts Agent-based home automation system

34. 9-4-200834 Goals of agents Approaches to solve task conflicts Agent-based home automation system

35. 9-4-200835 Goals of agents Approaches to solve task conflicts Agent-based home automation system

36. 9-4-200836 Index Objective Introduction –Home automation system –Agents How to use agents for home automation Agent based home automation system Building an agent based HAS

37. 9-4-200837 Building an agent based HAS How to design an agent-based home automation system? Can be done in many ways Today an example

38. 9-4-200838 Architecture of an agent Hardware devices (lights) Services (light controller, light comfort control) Communication (receive and retrieve information) Decision maker (negotiation with conflicts) Building an agent based HAS

39. 9-4-200839 Implementation: Platform: Java Agent framework: JADE (Java Agent DEvelopment) [Telecom Italia Lab, 2008] Jade includes: Communication standard: Agent Communication Language (FIPA standard) [www.fipa.org, 2008] Controlling agents: start, stop, pause, continue, … Tools for developing … Building an agent based HAS

40. 9-4-200840 Designing agents: Based on “A Methodology for the Analysis and Design of Multi- Agent Systems using JADE” [Magid Nikraz, 2006] Building an agent based HAS

41. 9-4-200841 Agent responsibilities: Responsibilities of each agent: accepting incoming messages handle subscriptions Agent specific responsibilities: To perform the functionalities of the system, for example: Door lock agent: make sure door is locked when user is away Door lock agent: lock door when user sleeps … Building an agent based HAS

42. 9-4-200842 Interactions: Hello messages Status request messages Action request messages Subscribe messages (for initializations) Report status change messages Building an agent based HAS

43. 9-4-200843 Interactions: example action request interaction Building an agent based HAS

44. 9-4-200844 Services: Service for: 1.Representing device of an agent (e.g. lamp, sensor, door lock) 2.Representing agent specific responsibility (lamp agent: turn on the light when illuminance level is too low) Example: agent specific responsibility device of an agent Building an agent based HAS

45. 9-4-200845 Services examples: agent specific responsibilitydevice of an agent (no agent specific responsibility) Building an agent based HAS

46. 9-4-200846 Classes: Building an agent based HAS

47. 9-4-200847 Database: Name Description Service: Name Version Variable Action Address MAC Location Area of influence XML database: Building an agent based HAS

48. 9-4-200848 References [1] D. J. Cook, "Health monitoring and assistance to support aging in place," Journal of Universal Computer Science, vol. 12, no. 1, pp. 15-29, 2006. [2] KNX Association. http://www.knx.org/. 21-2-0007.http://www.knx.org/ [3] Echelon Co. http://www.echelon.com/developers/lonworks/. 20-10-2007.http://www.echelon.com/developers/lonworks/ [4] H. S. Nwana, "Software agents: An overview," Knowledge Engineering Review, vol. 11, no. 3, pp. 205-244, 1996. [5] D. J. Cook, M. Youngblood, and S. K. Das, A multi-agent approach to controlling a smart environment Arlington: Springer Berlin / Heidelberg, 2006, pp. 165-182. [6] Karen Zita Haigh, John Phelps and ChristopherW.Geib. An open agent architecture for assisting elder independence. Proceedings of the first international joint conference on Autonomous agents and multiagent systems: part 2[SESSION: Session 6A: applications], 578-586. 2002. [7] B. De Carolis, G. Cozzolongo, S. Pizzutilo, and V. L. Plantamura, "Agent-Based Home Simulation and Control," 2005, pp. 404-412. [8] V. Lesser, M. Atighetchi, B. Benyo, B. Horling, A. Raja, R. Vincent, T. Wagner, P. Xuan, and S. XQ Zhang, "The UMASS Intelligent Home Project," Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Autonomous Agents, pp. 291-298, 1999. [9] JADE. Telecom Italia Lab. http://jade.tilab.com/. 5-1-2008.http://jade.tilab.com/ [10] FIPA. http://www.fipa.org/. 28-1-2008.http://www.fipa.org/ [11] Magid Nikraz, Giovanni Caire, and Parisa A.Bahri, "A Methodology for the Analysis and Design of Multi-Agent Systems using JADE." 2006.

49. 9-4-200849 End of presentation Please ask your questions

50. 9-4-200850 Break

51. 9-4-200851 1.Think up as much agents as possible 2.Combine agents to invent new home automation services Assignment