1. Computers Are Your Future © 2005 Prentice-Hall, Inc.

2. Computers Are Your Future Chapter 1 Slide 2© 2005 Prentice-Hall, Inc. Computers Are Your Future Chapter 1 Computers, the Web & You

3. Computers Are Your Future Chapter 1 Slide 3© 2005 Prentice-Hall, Inc. What You Will Learn About The importance of computers in your world The four basic operations a computer performs The two main components of a computer system  Hardware  Software The differences between system software and application software

4. Computers Are Your Future Chapter 1 Slide 4© 2005 Prentice-Hall, Inc. What You Will Learn About Examples of hardware devices The information processing cycle Ethical considerations involved with computer usage The two major categories of computers The Internet and its most popular uses

5. Computers Are Your Future Chapter 1 Slide 5© 2005 Prentice-Hall, Inc. Computers, the Web & You Your future isn’t just about performing tasks. Your future is about having choices and making decisions.

6. Computers Are Your Future Chapter 1 Slide 6© 2005 Prentice-Hall, Inc. Understanding the Computer: Basic Definitions Computer – A machine that performs four basic operations: input, processing, output, and storage. Information processing cycle – The term used to describe the four basic operations.

7. Computers Are Your Future Chapter 1 Slide 7© 2005 Prentice-Hall, Inc. Understanding the Computer: Basic Definitions Computer system – A collection of related components that are designed to work together.  A system includes hardware and software. Hardware Software

8. Computers Are Your Future Chapter 1 Slide 8© 2005 Prentice-Hall, Inc. Understanding the Computer: Basic Definitions Program – A list of instructions that tell the computer how to perform the four basic operations to accomplish a task.

9. Computers Are Your Future Chapter 1 Slide 9© 2005 Prentice-Hall, Inc. Understanding the Computer: Basic Definitions Software – All the programs that give the computer its instructions.  Two categories of software: System software Application software

10. Computers Are Your Future Chapter 1 Slide 10© 2005 Prentice-Hall, Inc. Input: Getting Data into the Computer Data – Unorganized raw materials made up of words, numbers, images, or sounds The first operation  Input devices enable the user to enter data into the computer. Input devices  The computer accepts data.

11. Computers Are Your Future Chapter 1 Slide 11© 2005 Prentice-Hall, Inc. Processing: Transforming Data into Information The second operation  Computers transform data into information.  Processing circuitry: Processing circuitry  Central processing unit (CPU)  Random access memory (RAM) DATA ININFORMATION OUT

12. Computers Are Your Future Chapter 1 Slide 12© 2005 Prentice-Hall, Inc. Output: Displaying Information The third operation  The computer shows the results of the processing operation in a way people can understand.  Output devices show the results of processing operations. Output devices

13. Computers Are Your Future Chapter 1 Slide 13© 2005 Prentice-Hall, Inc. Storage: Holding Programs and Data for Future Use The fourth operation  The computer saves the data or output so that it can be used again later.  Storage devices hold all programs and data that the computer uses. Storage devices

14. Computers Are Your Future Chapter 1 Slide 14© 2005 Prentice-Hall, Inc. Communications: Moving Data between Computers A fifth operation  Moving data within the computer or between computers  Communications devices – Enable computers to connect to a computer network. Communications devices  Network – Two or more computer systems that are connected.  Modem – A device that enables the computer to access other computers.

15. Computers Are Your Future Chapter 1 Slide 15© 2005 Prentice-Hall, Inc. The Information Processing Cycle In Action Input – You enter text in a word processing program.  You run the program’s spell checker program. Processing – The computer checks and compares all words entered with a list of correctly spelled words. Output – The computer provides a list of apparent misspellings.  You correct the spelling in your document. Storage – You save the revised document to a disk. Compoters A computer is a machine that perfirms four basic operations: input, processing, output, and storage. Together, these four operations are called the information proceesing cycle.

16. Computers Are Your Future Chapter 1 Slide 16© 2005 Prentice-Hall, Inc. Advantages and Disadvantages of Using Computers AdvantagesDisadvantages SpeedInformation overload MemoryExpensive StorageSlower than RAM Reliability and accuracy Only applies to hardware, not software

17. Computers Are Your Future Chapter 1 Slide 17© 2005 Prentice-Hall, Inc. Don’t Be Intimidated by Hardware People feel threatened by computers because they fear computers are too complicated. Computers should be treated in the same way as any other electrical device.

18. Computers Are Your Future Chapter 1 Slide 18© 2005 Prentice-Hall, Inc. Take Ethics Seriously Ethics is the behavior associated with moral beliefs. Computer ethics deals with computer-related moral dilemmas and principles for computer professionals. Responsible computing requires an understanding of both the benefits of computer use and the potential harm of computer misuse.

19. Computers Are Your Future Chapter 1 Slide 19© 2005 Prentice-Hall, Inc. Recognize the Risks of Using Flawed Software All programs contain errors. All computer use entails a certain level of risk.  Bug – An error or defect in software or hardware that causes a program to malfunction.

20. Computers Are Your Future Chapter 1 Slide 20© 2005 Prentice-Hall, Inc. Keyboard Mouse – pointing device Microphone – speech - recognition Digital Cameras Input Devices

21. Computers Are Your Future Chapter 1 Slide 21© 2005 Prentice-Hall, Inc. Motherboard Central Processing Unit – CPU Random Access Memory– RAM Expansion Card Processing Devices

22. Computers Are Your Future Chapter 1 Slide 22© 2005 Prentice-Hall, Inc. Monitor Printer Speakers Output Devices

23. Computers Are Your Future Chapter 1 Slide 23© 2005 Prentice-Hall, Inc. Hard Drive Floppy Disk Drive Zip Drive CD/DVD Drive Jaz Drive Tape Drive Micro Drive Storage Devices

24. Computers Are Your Future Chapter 1 Slide 24© 2005 Prentice-Hall, Inc. Modem Network Interface Card – NIC Communications Devices

25. Computers Are Your Future Chapter 1 Slide 25© 2005 Prentice-Hall, Inc. Desktop – PC, iMac Notebook – Laptop Workstation Personal Digital Assistant Types of Computers Computers for Individuals Internet Appliance All-in-One

26. Computers Are Your Future Chapter 1 Slide 26© 2005 Prentice-Hall, Inc. Types of Computers Computers for Organizations Servers are not designed for individuals. They make programs available for network users. Minicomputers handle the computing for small corporations Mainframes handle gigantic processing jobs for large corporations or agencies. Supercomputers are ultra-fast and handle huge amounts of scientific data.

27. Computers Are Your Future Chapter 1 Slide 27© 2005 Prentice-Hall, Inc. The Internet and World Wide Web A global information system composed of computers and networks  All computers connected to it can exchange data with each other.

28. Computers Are Your Future Chapter 1 Slide 28© 2005 Prentice-Hall, Inc. World Wide Web– (WWW) Electronic mail– (e-mail) Instant messaging Electronic commerce– (e-commerce) Electronic mail (e-mail) World Wide Web – (WWW) Instant messaging Electronic commerce (e-commerce) Internet Services

29. Computers Are Your Future Chapter 1 Slide 29© 2005 Prentice-Hall, Inc. Chapter 1 Summary Computer users must be able to adapt to new computer technologies with ease. A computer is a machine that performs the operations of input, processing, output, and storage. A computer system is a collection of related components. System software helps the computer function properly and application programs enable users to perform tasks. The information processing cycle consists of the input, processing, output, and storage operations.

30. Computers Are Your Future Chapter 1 Slide 30© 2005 Prentice-Hall, Inc. Chapter 1 Summary ( continued ) Understanding the advantages and disadvantages of computer use is necessary for responsible computing. Two types of computers:  Computers for individuals  Computers for organizations The Internet is a global information network. Internet services include e-mail, the World Wide Web, instant messaging, and e-commerce.