1. 1 Progress Report to MDE October 22, 2009 Dr. Konstantin Vinnikov, Acting State Climatologist for Maryland Prof. Russell Dickerson, Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Science University of Maryland at College Park, MD Diurnal-Seasonal and Longer Time Scale Variation of Power Plants Emissions at Maryland and other East Coast States Partly supported by NASA

2. 2 Time series of Hourly Emissions of SO2, NOx, CO2, Heat, Electricity Changes in Seasonal/Diurnal Cycles Regional Climatic Forcing Used EPA Prepackaged Power Plants Emissions Data Sets: http://camddataandmaps.epa.gov/gdm/index.cfm?fuseaction=emissions.wizard Objectives: -To look at diurnal and seasonal trends in emission for atmospheric budget studies; - To help NASA understand what a Geostationary Satellite can do that a Polar orbiter cannot.

3. 3

4. 4

5. 5 MARYLAND POWER PLANTS EMISSIONS. Workdays - Weekends

6. 6 MARYLAND POWER PLANTS: HEAT & ELECTRICITY PRODUCTION

7. 7

8. MARYLAND POWER PLANTS HEAT & ELECTRICITY: Workdays - Weekends

9. 6/14/2015

10.  BAD DATA!

13. STATES SUMMER/ AFTERNOON HEAT FORCING W/m 2 NY0.3 NJ0.7 PA0.5 OH1.2 DE1.4 WV0.6 MD0.5 VA0.2 Climatic Forcing 1 W/m 2 ⟶ Global Warming ≈0.75 ºC HEAT EMISSION BY POWER PLANTS CAN BE RESPONSIBLE FOR REGIONAL CLIMATE CHANGE

14. THREE URBAN STATIONS: THREE RURAL, HIGH ELEVATED MOUNTIAN STATIONS: SCALES OF TEMPORAL AUTOCORRELATION IN SO 2 VARIATIONS, HOURS It is assumed that lag-correlation functions of observed temporal SO 2 variations can be approximated as R(t) =exp(t/T), where t is lag, and T is decay time. This time is needed for observed anomaly of SO 2 concentration to decrease e times. For two physical processes with decay times T 1 and T 2, resulted decay time T=T 1 T 2 / (T 1 +T 2 ). The resulted T is always smaller than the smallest of T 1 and T 2.

15. 15 Conclusions: Diurnal/Seasonal patterns of MD Power Plants SO 2 and CO 2 emissions have not been changing significantly during past decade. MD Power Plants NO x emissions have been decreasing during past decade. Diurnal/Seasonal pattern of these emissions has been almost inverted. OH, WV and PA do not show decreasing of NO X emissions outside the ozone season. There is a noticeable increase in Power Plants emissions on workdays compared to weekends. Heat pollution from Power Plants at MD did not show increasing tendency. Heat emissions by Power Plants at East Coast States can affect regional climate.

16. 6/14/2015