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The influence of movement dynamics on ecosystem structure: Suckers as ecosystem engineers Michael T. Booth, Alex S. Flecker, Nelson G. Hairston, Jr. Dept.

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Presentation on theme: "The influence of movement dynamics on ecosystem structure: Suckers as ecosystem engineers Michael T. Booth, Alex S. Flecker, Nelson G. Hairston, Jr. Dept."— Presentation transcript:

1 The influence of movement dynamics on ecosystem structure: Suckers as ecosystem engineers Michael T. Booth, Alex S. Flecker, Nelson G. Hairston, Jr. Dept. of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Cornell University

2 1 m

3 0.2 m

4 West Fork Gila River Fish “refuge” sites Middle Fork Gila West Fork Gila Focal reach

5 Fish movement and habitat use 23mm 134.2 kHz PIT tags, detection range 0.3-0.8 m, >500 tagged fish (180-500mm SL) in 2 km reach in 2008, 2009 8 multiplexed stationary antennas (8.5-13 m wide, 2.3 scans/sec) Weekly scans of refuge habitats over 4 km reach with portable antenna A1 A2 A3 A4

6 Diel sampling site Full reach (2 km) Frequency transect (inset) #3 Fish movement and habitat use

7 Hourly fish activity Day Night

8 Typical fish activity

9 flood <20 cm visibility

10 TRANSIENT EFFECTS Suckers as ecosystem engineers

11 Downstream fluxes 5 diel sampling events at focal pool, 2 events included other pools Collected seston samples at 10 time points (2-3 hr intervals)

12 0.000 0.005 0.010 0.015 0.020 0.025 Dry Mass (g/L) 6/28 09:306/28 12:306/28 15:306/28 18:306/28 20:306/28 22:306/29 01:306/29 04:30 6/29 06:306/29 09:30 Seston dry mass (3 replicates per time point) Diel seston concentrations Fish activity within focal reach

13 LONG LIVED EFFECTS Suckers as ecosystem engineers

14 Methods: “Feeding” transects 2 transects per “divotable” habitat over 2 km reach (≈30% area, silt/sand/gravel) 2-4 quadrats per transect, measured width and depth of 4 representative divots per quadrat, 5 dates 0.5 m

15 6/23/09 Distribution of depressions flow

16 Frequency transects 5 transects (7-14 m, 8-11 quadrats) 0.25 m 2 quadrats, 5 numbered and bi- colored washers Scored daily or AM/PM (gravel/sand, moved, flipped, divot), 20 pts possible

17 Frequency transects #1 #3 #6 #9 #10 0 6 4 Reach length: 2 km Quadrat scores Stationary antenna reach Sites >10 suckers

18 Frequency transects Relative disturbance Quadrat location Date

19 Quadrat location Quadrat location Quadrat location Flood

20 UNDERSTANDING MOVEMENT PATTERNS From diel to seasonal, baseflow to flood event

21 Added 6/25

22 “Fine scale” movements 2009 data only shown, but including fish from both years

23 “Large scale” movements of individual fish 2009 data only shown, but including fish from both years -7000 -6500 -6000 -5500 -5000 -4500 -4000 -3500 -3000 Location -7000 -6500 -6000 -5500 -5000 -4500 -4000 -3500 -3000 Location 05/24/200906/21/200907/19/2009 date 05/24/200906/21/200907/19/2009 date 05/24/200906/21/200907/19/2009 date 05/24/200906/21/200907/19/2009 date 05/24/200906/21/200907/19/2009 date 05/24/200906/21/200907/19/2009 date

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