1. CfN High Field Workshop 4/9/08

2. Motivation for Workshop Highlight the upcoming delivery of a 7T whole-body MRI system at PennHighlight the upcoming delivery of a 7T whole-body MRI system at Penn Describe the potential benefits of 7T for basic and clinical neuroscience researchDescribe the potential benefits of 7T for basic and clinical neuroscience research Begin to plan for 7T pilot projectsBegin to plan for 7T pilot projects –Science –Instrumentation –Regulatory

3. Workshop Schedule 9:00 Welcome and Introduction to 7T Imaging (me) 9:15 BOLD fMRI: Opportunities and Pitfalls (Mark Elliott) 9:45 1H Spectroscopy (Harish Poptani) 10:15 Coffee Break 10:30 Multinuclear Imaging (Ravinder Reddy) 11:00 ASL (Jiongjiong Wang) 11:30 Discussion of Potential Projects and Instrumentation

4. 7T Project Supported by NCRR HEI Grant ($2M)Supported by NCRR HEI Grant ($2M) –Ravi Reddy PI –CfN & LSNI projects contributed significantly –Other 7T MRI HEI to JHU, Vanderbilt, Pitt, NYU –Total project cost ~$10M First 7T whole-body system in regionFirst 7T whole-body system in region –JHU held up due to siting issues –~20 7T sites worldwide

5. Why 7T? Continue tradition of biomedical MRI developmentContinue tradition of biomedical MRI development –Resource for Magnetic Resonance and Optical Research (NCRR RR) Highest commercially-available field strengthHighest commercially-available field strength –Few experimental whole-body systems at 8T, 9.4T –Cost (shielding) rises exponentially above 7T Years of experience with Siemens 7T platformYears of experience with Siemens 7T platform –System is now fully integrated –Some product coils are also available –Software platform same as 1.5T and 3T

6. Siemens 7 Tesla MRI 7T Whole body magnet7T Whole body magnet –Weight 35000 kg –Unshielded –Shield ~400 tons –90cm bore –2.4mx3.4 m longx3.8m –5 ppm peak to peak over a 45 cm Gradient systemGradient system –Based on Tim Trio gradients –Resistive shims are tuned for 7T –45mT/m for longitudinal –40mT/m for horizontal and vertical direction –Max slew rate 200 mT/m/ms –Minimal rise time 200  s, from 0 to 40 mT/m amplitude –Minimum slice thickness 0.1 mm (2D)

7. RF System 18 fully independent, fast receiver channels18 fully independent, fast receiver channels –each with 1MHz bandwidth. RF Power amplifierRF Power amplifier –7kW RFPA, 280-300 MHz –Parallel transmission in the future The following transmit receive RF coils will be providedThe following transmit receive RF coils will be provided –CP head (quadrature Tx/Rx) –24-channel head array coil –TX/RX surface loop coil Additional 3rd party coils include Na/head, Tx/Rx head arrayAdditional 3rd party coils include Na/head, Tx/Rx head array 7T_head_PD_TSE_133x133

8. 7T Fee Schedule During initial 6 months of operation, scanning charges will not be implementedDuring initial 6 months of operation, scanning charges will not be implemented –Much of this time will be used to implement and validate sequences and protocols –Also intended to stimulate early applications At some point, hourly fees similar to the other resources will be implementedAt some point, hourly fees similar to the other resources will be implemented 7T ProDev will also be available7T ProDev will also be available

9. 7T Regulatory Process IRB + CAMRIS, similar to 3TIRB + CAMRIS, similar to 3T –CAMRIS review will be outsourced to a 7T-specific committee –7T is not FDA approved, but remains minimal risk A 7T Techdev protocol will cover initial studiesA 7T Techdev protocol will cover initial studies The CfN will develop approved verbiage for 7T protocols and consentsThe CfN will develop approved verbiage for 7T protocols and consents Initial studies on healthy volunteersInitial studies on healthy volunteers

10. Known Advantages of 7T Increased sensitivityIncreased sensitivity –Although sensitivity of MRI scales with field, a doubling of sensitivity (from 3T to 7T) only translates to a 1.3X improvement in resolution –Major sensitivity advantage is for non-1H nuclei at standard resolution Increased spectral resolutionIncreased spectral resolution –Improvement in spectral quality for both 1H and multinuclear –May obviate the need for spectral editing for some resonances Better ASLBetter ASL –T1 increases with field so improvement is >>linear Different BOLD contrastDifferent BOLD contrast –Susceptibility effects increase with field (but so does physiological noise) –Spatial sensitivity changes

11. 1H Imaging at 7T Susceptibility effects are dramatically increasedSusceptibility effects are dramatically increased –Alters appearance of vasculature, iron & calcium deposits –These may provide basis for altered parenchymal appearance 8T MRI, Robitaille et al., JCAT 20007T MRI, Li et al., NeuroImage 2006

12. Phase Based Contrast Duyn et al, PNAS 2007

13. MRA at 7T von Morze et al, JMRI 2008 N=5N=5 GE SignaGE Signa 8-channel array8-channel array Identical resolutionIdentical resolution 3T7T

14. Tolerability of 7T Theysohn et al, MAGMA 2008

15. Conclusions 7T MRI will be ready for use this summer7T MRI will be ready for use this summer –Coils available for brain and cortical regions –BOLD fMRI, MRS, some ASL, Sodium imaging should be feasible soon after deployment –Initial experience on healthy volunteers, but ambulatory patients will eventually be eligible Despite existence of human 7T for >5yrs, limited literature on applicationsDespite existence of human 7T for >5yrs, limited literature on applications –Opportunity to have fast impact with simple, good ideas –Successful applications could provide competitive advantage for new grant applications