1. Page 1 Who Can Make the Biggest Crystal? Tameka Whitney Dallas ISD W.W. Samuell High School Faculty Mentor: Raymundo Arroyave, Ph.D. Department of Mechanical Engineering Texas A&M University

2. Page 2 Why is Computational Materials Science important? Provides the “recipe” for creating and testing a substance without using experimentation Simulates structural, mechanical & thermal properties

3. Page 3 Where do I fit in? My role is to generate data based on the structural properties of copper-tin alloys that may be used in the soldering process

4. Page 4 My E 3 Experience Diagrams of crystalline structures were generated from data obtained through simulations. Copper unit cell Charge Density Diagram Crystal structure of Copper

5. Page 5 Crystal Structures Diamond Graphite Crystal structures aid in understanding the properties of substances.

6. Page 6 The Connection… Allow students to create their own crystals to study the structure and properties of the crystals that are formed as a result of the different types of bonding Epson Salt Alum Borax

7. Page 7 TAKS Objective & Related TEKS Objective 1 Nature of Science TEKS 2E, F, H and I -- uses scientific methods to solve investigative questions TEKS 3E -- uses critical thinking, scientific reasoning, and problem solving to make informed decisions

8. Page 8 TAKS Objective & Related TEKS Objective 4 Chemistry TEKS 7D -- how atoms form ionic, metallic, and covalent bonds

9. Page 9 Identify Problem Brainstorm Design Build Share Solution RedesignTest & Evaluate Design Process

10. Page 10 Pre-AP Chemistry Project Who can create the largest crystal? Web Quest “Purchase” materials ($50 budget) Create a brochure advertising their “recipe” Gallery Walk (Chemistry Classes )

11. Page 11 Day 1 Pre-Test (possibly given at an earlier time) Review types of bonding and introduce crystals Announce project Assign groups (3-4 students)

12. Page 12 Day 2 Internet search for information on project (Web Quest) --how to grow crystals --substances that may be used --how growth rate is affected by external stimuli (e.g., temperature, amount of light, etc.) Create a procedure for growing a crystal

13. Page 13 Day 3 Purchase materials Perform experimentation procedures and begin growing crystals Begin making brochure

14. Page 14 Day 4 Make observations, record data and make adjustments if necessary Complete brochure

15. Page 15 Day 5 Brochure and Crystal due Accountable Talk/Wrap-up Post-Test

16. Page 16 Gallery Walk Students from Chemistry classes will view and score crystals using specific criteria such as: »Clarity of crystal-making instructions »Size of crystal »Creativity

17. Page 17 Sample Price List for Crystal Supplies ItemPrice/Unit Cup of solute$1 Popsicle sticks (set of 2) $1 Pipe Cleaners (set of 3) $1 Use of water bath, dry ice or fridge $5 Mason Jar$5 Plastic Cup$1 Food Coloring$1

18. Page 18 Sample Question The reason salt crystals, such as KCl, hold together so well is because the cations are strongly attracted to A. neighboring cations. B. the protons in the neighboring nucleus. C. free electrons in the crystals. D. neighboring anions.

19. Page 19 Special Thanks E 3 Team Dr. Raymundo Arroyave Min Soo Park Anchelee Junkaew National Science Foundation (NSF) Nuclear Power Institute (NPI) Texas Workforce Commission (TWC) Chevron

20. Page 20 Resources K. Momma and F. Izumi, "VESTA: a three-dimensional visualization system for electronic and structural analysis," J. Appl. Crystallogr., 41:653-658, 2008 www.tamu.edu www.well.ox.ac.uk/kitchen.shtml www.ehow.com/how_4828964_own-alum-crystals.html azareal.wordpress.com/ www.wgbh.org www.nysedregents.org/