1. CEE 320 Winter 2006 Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) CEE 320 Steve Muench

2. CEE 320 Winter 2006 Outline Need for traffic solutions Possible solutions Intelligent Transportation Systems

3. CEE 320 Winter 2006 Road Use Growth From the Bureau of Transportation Statistics, National Transportation Statistics 2003

4. CEE 320 Winter 2006 Changes in Congested Peak-Period Travel

5. CEE 320 Winter 2006 Problems Caused by Congestion Increased… –Travel time –Travel cost –Air pollution –Accident risk

6. CEE 320 Winter 2006 Options Construct new roads –Covered in geometric design –Not likely to happen on a large scale Reduce Traffic –Travel demand management –Alternative transportation Increase existing infrastructure capacity –Uses intelligent transportation systems (ITS)

7. CEE 320 Winter 2006 Construction Is Part of the Solution

8. CEE 320 Winter 2006 Option 1: Construction Highway Construction Cost Sampling ProjectTotal CostLane-Miles Cost per Lane-Mile Route 3, North Boston$395.0 million42$9.4 million I-4 Tampa to Orlando$403.0 million73$5.5 million I-5 Oregon $30.0 million5.16$5.8 million US 26 Sunset Hwy. Oregon$10.6 million2.24$4.8 million US 12 near Walla Walla River$36.4 million25$1.5 million US 101 on Olympic Peninsula$1.8 million0.8$2.2 million General Conclusion Highways cost $1 to $10 million per lane-mile to build

9. CEE 320 Winter 2006 San Francisco’s Embarcadero Freeway: Removed 1991

10. CEE 320 Winter 2006 Option 2: Alternative Transport But significant new rail capacity will face the same hurdles as new highway capacity.

11. CEE 320 Winter 2006 Option 2: Alternative Transport SkyTran: Personal MagLev Transporter

12. CEE 320 Winter 2006 Option 3: Increase Existing Infrastructure Capacity An alternative to expensive new highway construction is the implementation of strategies that promote more efficient utilization of transportation infrastructures. These strategies are known as the Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS), which aims to reduce travel time, ease delay and congestion, improve safety, and reduce pollutant emissions

13. CEE 320 Winter 2006 Highway Capacity Full Capacity How Much Capacity Is There?

14. CEE 320 Winter 2006 Incidents: more delay is caused by incidents than by recurring peak period congestion. Highway Capacity Remaining Effective Capacity How Much Capacity Is There? Incidents can comprise 50% of peak period congestion. 1 min delay in clearance = 4 to 5 min of traffic backup.

15. CEE 320 Winter 2006 Work zones: major cost is delay imparted to the traveler Incidents: more delay is caused by incidents than by recurring peak period congestion. Highway Capacity Remaining Effective Capacity How Much Capacity Is There? Caltrans reports 20% of freeway centerline miles are under construction.

16. CEE 320 Winter 2006 Work zones: major cost is delay imparted to the traveler Incidents: more delay is caused by incidents than by recurring peak period congestion. Highway Capacity Remaining Effective Capacity How Much Capacity Is There? Weather: Snow, fog, rain can all restrict capacity 75% of NHS is subject to snow & 100% is subject to rain.

17. CEE 320 Winter 2006 Work zones: major cost is delay imparted to the traveler Incidents: more delay is caused by incidents than by recurring peak period congestion. Highway Capacity Remaining Effective Capacity How Much Capacity Is There? Weather: Snow, fog, rain can all restrict capacity Special events and disasters further restrict capacity Periodic events can cause further restrict capacity.

18. CEE 320 Winter 2006 Work zones: major cost is delay imparted to the traveler Incidents: more delay is caused by incidents than by recurring peak period congestion. Highway Capacity Remaining Effective Capacity How Much Capacity Is There? Weather: Snow, fog, rain can all restrict capacity Special events and disasters further restrict capacity

19. CEE 320 Winter 2006 Highway Capacity Remaining Effective Capacity How Much Capacity Is There? ITS

20. CEE 320 Winter 2006 Five Primary Functional Areas of ITS Advanced Traffic Management Systems (ATMS) Advanced Traveler Information Systems (ATIS) Commercial Vehicle Operations (CVO) Advanced Public Transportation Systems (APTS) Advanced Vehicle Control Systems (AVCS)

21. CEE 320 Winter 2006 Advanced Traffic Management Systems Photo from the Human-Computer Interaction Lab: University of Maryland

22. CEE 320 Winter 2006 WSDOT Traffic Systems Management Center

23. CEE 320 Winter 2006 WSDOT Traffic Systems Management Center

24. CEE 320 Winter 2006 WSDOT Traffic Systems Management Center

25. CEE 320 Winter 2006 ATMS: Snoqualmie Pass

26. CEE 320 Winter 2006 Advanced Traveler Information Systems

27. CEE 320 Winter 2006 ATIS: trafficgauge

28. CEE 320 Winter 2006 WAP Traffic www.wiresoft.net/traffic/seattle

29. CEE 320 Winter 2006 ATIS: Traffic Cameras

30. CEE 320 Winter 2006 Commercial Vehicle Operations Apply, pay for and receive permits, registrations, and licenses electronically Share of common trucking data across agencies Exchange information electronically with roadside enforcement personnel Electronic “screening” of trucks for safety or other regulatory violations Share information across state lines and with Federal information systems

31. CEE 320 Winter 2006 CVO: Weigh-In-Motion System

32. CEE 320 Winter 2006 Advanced Public Transportation Systems

33. CEE 320 Winter 2006 An Example of APTS http://busview.its.washington.edu/busview_launch.jsp?maps=gif

34. CEE 320 Winter 2006 Seattle Bus Monster http://www.busmonster.com

35. CEE 320 Winter 2006 APTS: Bus Signal Priority

36. CEE 320 Winter 2006 Advanced Vehicle Control Systems Intelligent Cruise Control (ICC) System