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Non-Photorealistic Rendering RENDERING + COMPOSITION
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Interactive Image-based Exploded View Diagrams Interactive Image-based Exploded View Diagrams Graphics Interface 2004 Wilmot Li Maneesh Agrawala David Salesin
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Interactive Exploded Views Technical illustrators often create exploded views to expose the structure of complicated 3D objects.
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Interactive Exploded Views Paper presents an image-based framework for creating interactive exploded views that allow the user to see how parts interact with and constrain one another by directly expanding and collapsing portions of the diagram.
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Although static exploded views can help convey the structure of 3D objects, the viewer must mentally determine how parts fit together, which can be difficult for objects with many parts. Introduction
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To create interactive exploded views that allow the user to see how parts fit together by directly expanding and collapsing parts. Goal
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Approach An image-based framework for Interactive exploded views that consists of: 1) an authoring interface that facilitates creation of interactive exploded views 2) a viewing system that supports useful interactions
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Authoring Segmentation User first segments image into parts with intelligent scissors (shown in red on left).
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Authoring Stacking User draws free-form strokes to organize parts into stacks that expand and collapse along the same explosion axis.
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Authoring Fragmentation Some parts must be partitioned into fragments before they can be layered correctly.
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Authoring Fragmentation To do this, user indicates the enclosing cavity (shown in red), and the system automatically fragments part appropriately.
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Authoring Fragmentation
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Authoring Layering Finally, the system assigns correct depth to each part or fragment.
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Authoring Segmentation Stacking Fragmentation Layering
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Viewing Animation User can see object dynamically expand and collapse.
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Viewing Search Instead of visually searching for a part (e.g., speaker circled on left), user can perform text search as shown on right.
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Viewing Direct Manipulation User can directly expand and collapse individual stacks by dragging selected parts.
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Future Work Arbitrary explosion paths To achieve a more compact exploded view layout, illustrators sometimes arrange parts using non-linear explosion paths that are often indicated with guidelines.
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Future Work Dynamic annotations System currently lays out labels and guidelines as constant offsets from specific parts How to arrange this meta- information dynamically to take into account the changing layout of an interactive diagram?
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Future Work Emphasis Intelligent filters that take into account the perceptual effect of performing particular image transformations. Could also be used at display time to highlight important parts.
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Future Work Semantic Zooming Introduce multiple levels of detail that would allow the viewer to interactively control how much information is presented for particular portions of the subject matter.
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Future Work Depth Cues Interactive diagrams created from 2D images can sometimes have a “flattened” appearance where layers overlap. Automatically render simple depth cues (e.g., drop shadows) when viewing the diagram to clarify the spatial relationships between these layers.
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