1. Double P-Tree: A Distributed Architecture for Large-Scale Video-on-Demand Fernando Cores, Ana Ripoll, and Emilio Luque Presented by Chi-Yuk Chan

2. Outline  Background  P-Tree  Double P-Tree  Performance Evaluation  Summary

3. Background

4. One-level proxy system  Caching Cache the most popular videos  For video requests Served by proxy if cached Stream from main server directly otherwise   Scalability problem

5. Hierarchical proxy system (P-Tree)

6. P-Tree  Mirroring In addition to Caching Making distributed mirror across the system  Limitations Proxy-hit probability vs. Mirror-service distance  Solution Raise connectivity

7. Double P-Tree

9.  Modification Use the proxy of the nets at the same level  Advantages Reduce service-distance Larger distributed mirror Better fault tolerant

10. Default Settings  Binary topology with 7 levels in Double P-Tree  Every 127 local net has 1Mbps of bandwidth  Total system bandwidth of 127Mbps  A proxy capacity of 20% of system videos

11. Scalability

12. Proxy-Storage Requirements

13. Efficiency

14. Summary  P-Tree Hierarchical-tree topology of independent networks with proxies Caching and mirroring  Double P-Tree Adding the concept of brother networks Unlimited and low-cost growth High fault tolerant

15. Completed and Future Works  Completed Works Distributed Mirror heuristics Traffic Balancing Incorporate with Multicasting Interactive VoD service  Future works Proxy size reduction

16. Reference  Bahjat Qazzaz, Remo Suppi, Fernando Cores, Ana Ripoll, Porfidio Hern á ndez, and Emilio Luque, “ Providing Interactive Video on Demand Services in Distributed Architecture, ” EUROMICRO 2003, pp.215-222  Fernando Cores, Ana Ripoll, Bahjat Qazzaz, Remo Suppi, Xiaoyuan Yang, Portfidio Hern á ndez, and Emilio Luque, “ Exploiting Traffic Balancing and Multicast Efficiency in Distributed Video-on-Demand Architectures, ” Euro-Par 2003, pp.859-869  Fernando Cores, Ana Ripoll, and Emilio Luque, “ Double P-Tree: A Distributed Architecture for Large-Scale Video-on-Demand, ” Euro-Par 2002, pp.816-825  Fernando Cores, Ana Ripoll, and Emilio Luque, “ A Fully Scalable and Distributed Architecture for Video-on- Demand., ” PROMS 2001, pp.59-73

17. Questions & Answers Thank you

18. Notations

19. Analytical Model