1. Volcanoes: Prediction and Mitigation

2. Outline Mt. St. Helens Long Valley, 1982 Mt. Pinatubo, 1991

3. Pre-1980 Eruption Activity - Mt. St. Helens Small earthquakes Rising bulge on north side Occurred for months pre-eruption

4. Current Monitoring at Mt. St. Helens seismology DomeCam gas

5. Long Valley, 1982 May 1980 –Series of large earthquakes (some magnitude 6) in area 1982 - more earthquakes, evidence of magma rising

6. Long Valley

7. Long Valley Warnings U.S. Geological Survey issued warning in May, 1982 –Lowest level of alert –House prices dropped 40% immediately –Tourism in ski area dropped No eruption 1990’s, more earthquakes, gas emissions –No warning issued

8. Mt. Pinatubo

9. Mt. Pinatubo, Philippines Success for prediction of VEI 6 eruption Video Bottom line: 300 deaths, $1.5million monitoring –Saved ~20,000 people, $500 million in evacuated property