1. 7.1 © 2007 by Prentice Hall 7 Chapter Telecommunications, the Internet, and Wireless Technology

2. 7.2 © 2007 by Prentice Hall LEARNING OBJECTIVES Management Information Systems Chapter 7 Telecommunications, the Internet, and Wireless Technology Describe the features of telecommunications networks and identify key networking technologies. Evaluate alternative transmission media, types of networks, and network services. Demonstrate how the Internet and Internet technology work and how they support communication and e- business.

3. 7.3 © 2007 by Prentice Hall LEARNING OBJECTIVES (cont’d) Management Information Systems Chapter 7 Telecommunications, the Internet, and Wireless Technology Identify and describe the principal technologies and standards for wireless networking, communication, and Internet access. Assess the business value of wireless technology and important wireless applications in business.

4. 7.4 © 2007 by Prentice Hall Hyatt Regency Osaka Uses Wireless Networking for High-Touch Service Problem: Overcoming poor location and steep competition. Solutions: Deploy IP network, wireless LAN, and wireless clients with links to customer database to increase service and revenue. Wireless mobile access to customer systems and wireless data and voice services enable employees to work more efficiently and focus on customers. Demonstrates IT’s role in providing superior customer service and redesigning processes and job functions. Illustrates digital technology’s ability to overcome business weaknesses by creating new strengths. Management Information Systems Chapter 7 Telecommunications, the Internet, and Wireless Technology

5. 7.5 © 2007 by Prentice Hall TELECOMMUNICATIONS AND NETWORKING IN TODAY’S BUSINESS WORLD Management Information Systems Chapter 7 Telecommunications, the Internet, and Wireless Technology A networking and communications revolution led by Internet-based technologies 1 billion instant messages per day 4 billion e-mails each day 65 million music files downloaded

6. 7.6 © 2007 by Prentice Hall TELECOMMUNICATIONS AND NETWORKING IN TODAY’S BUSINESS WORLD Management Information Systems Chapter 7 Telecommunications, the Internet, and Wireless Technology t Estimated 3.9 billion photos sent over the Internet $769 billion spent in the United States on telecommunications equipment and services Today, networking and the Internet are synonymous with doing business.

7. 7.7 © 2007 by Prentice Hall CONTEMPORARY NETWORKING INFRASTRUCTURE Management Information Systems Chapter 8 Telecommunications, Networks, and the Internet Telecommunications, Networks, and the Internet A network consists of two or more connected computers. Each computer on the network contains a network interface device called a network interface card (NIC). The connection medium for linking network components can be a telephone wire, coaxial cable, or radio signal in the case of cell phone and wireless local area networks. Networks and Corporate Infrastructure

8. 7.8 © 2007 by Prentice Hall CONTEMPORARY NETWORKING INFRASTRUCTURE Management Information Systems Chapter 8 Telecommunications, Networks, and the Internet Telecommunications, Networks, and the Internet The network operating system (NOS) routes and manages communications on the network and coordinates network resources. Networks also contain a switch or a hub acting as a connection point between the computers. Hubs are very simple devices that connect network components, sending a packet of data to all other connected devices. Networks and Corporate Infrastructure (Continued)

9. 7.9 © 2007 by Prentice Hall CONTEMPORARY NETWORKING INFRASTRUCTURE Management Information Systems Chapter 8 Telecommunications, Networks, and the Internet Telecommunications, Networks, and the Internet A switch has more intelligence than a hub and can filter and forward data to a specified destination. Switches are used within individual networks. A router is a special communications processor used to route packets of data through different networks, ensuring that the message sent gets to the correct address. Networks and Corporate Infrastructure (Continued)

10. 7.10 © 2007 by Prentice Hall Management Information Systems Chapter 8 Telecommunications, Networks, and the Internet Telecommunications, Networks, and the Internet Components of a Simple Network CONTEMPORARY NETWORKING INFRASTRUCTURE Figure 7-1

11. 7.11 © 2007 by Prentice Hall TELECOMMUNICATIONS AND NETWORKING IN TODAY’S BUSINESS WORLD Management Information Systems Chapter 7 Telecommunications, the Internet, and Wireless Technology Telecommunications environment provides connectivity by providing communication channels for text, voice, and video images. The network infrastructure for a large corporation consists of many different kinds of networks for both data and voice communication. Most of these different kinds of networks are moving towards a common Internet foundation. The Business Telecommunications Environment

12. 7.12 © 2007 by Prentice Hall TELECOMMUNICATIONS AND NETWORKING IN TODAY’S BUSINESS WORLD Management Information Systems Chapter 8 Telecommunications, Networks, and the Internet Telecommunications, Networks, and the Internet Corporate Network Infrastructure Figure 7-2

13. 7.13 © 2007 by Prentice Hall CONTEMPORARY NETWORKING INFRASTRUCTURE Management Information Systems Chapter 8 Telecommunications, Networks, and the Internet Telecommunications, Networks, and the Internet Client/Server Computing TCP/IP and Connectivity Key Digital Networking Technologies

14. 7.14 © 2007 by Prentice Hall CONTEMPORARY NETWORKING INFRASTRUCTURE Management Information Systems Chapter 7 Telecommunications, the Internet, and Wireless Technology Client/server computing is a distributed computing model in which much of the processing power is located within small, inexpensive client computers. The powerful clients are linked to one another through a network that is controlled by a network server computer. The server sets the rules of communication for the network and provides every client with an address so others can find it on the network. Client/Server Computing:

15. 7.15 © 2007 by Prentice Hall CONTEMPORARY NETWORKING INFRASTRUCTURE Management Information Systems Chapter 7 Telecommunications, the Internet, and Wireless Technology net TCP/IP is the communications protocol used by the Internet and all Internet devices. TCP/IP provides for breaking up digital messages into packets, routing them to the proper addresses, and then reassembling them into coherent messages. TCP/IP uses a suite of protocols: TCP and IP. TCP/IP and Connectivity:

16. 7.16 © 2007 by Prentice Hall CONTEMPORARY NETWORKING INFRASTRUCTURE Management Information Systems Chapter 7 Telecommunications, the Internet, and Wireless Technology Handles the movement of data between computers Establishes a connection between the computers, sequences the transfer of packets, and acknowledges the packets sent Transmission Control Protocol (TCP):

17. 7.17 © 2007 by Prentice Hall CONTEMPORARY NETWORKING INFRASTRUCTURE Management Information Systems Chapter 7 Telecommunications, the Internet, and Wireless Technology Responsible for the delivery of packets Includes the disassembling and reassembling of packets during transmission Internet Protocol (IP):

18. 7.18 © 2007 by Prentice Hall Management Information Systems Chapter 7 Telecommunications, the Internet, and Wireless Technology Functions of the Modem CONTEMPORARY NETWORKING INFRASTRUCTURE Figure 8-7

19. 7.19 © 2007 by Prentice Hall Management Information Systems Chapter 7 Telecommunications, the Internet, and Wireless Technology Types of Networks CONTEMPORARY NETWORKING INFRASTRUCTURE TypeArea Local Area Network (LAN)Up to 500 meters (half a mile); an office or floor of a building Campus Area Network (CAN)Up to 1,000 meters (a mile); a college campus or corporate facility Metropolitan Area Network (MAN) A city or metropolitan area Wide Area Network (WAN)Transcontinental or global area

20. 7.20 © 2007 by Prentice Hall A LAN connects computers and other digital devices within a short distance (One building or several buildings in close proximity). It allows all computer users to connect with each other to share information and devices, such as printers. Cabling or wireless technology links computers, network interface cards, and software Ethernet is the dominant LAN standard. Local Area Networks Management Information Systems Chapter 7 Telecommunications, the Internet, and Wireless Technology

21. 7.21 © 2007 by Prentice Hall CONTEMPORARY NETWORKING INFRASTRUCTURE Management Information Systems Chapter 7 Telecommunications, the Internet, and Wireless Technology Twisted Wire Copper wire twisted in pairs Older analog transmission medium Can be used for digital signals Coaxial Cable Insulated copper wire Faster, more interference-free than twisted pair Difficult to install; doesn’t support analog signals Physical Transmission Media The different kinds of physical transmission media used by the networks are:

22. 7.22 © 2007 by Prentice Hall Fiber Optics and Optical Networks Strands of clear glass fiber bound into cables Has the greatest capacity of the telecommunications media. A fast, light and durable transmission medium. Can transfer large volume of data. More expensive, harder to install. Wireless Transmission Physical Transmission Media Management Information Systems Chapter 7 Telecommunications, the Internet, and Wireless Technology CONTEMPORARY NETWORKING INFRASTRUCTURE

23. 7.23 © 2007 by Prentice Hall Transmission Speed Bandwidth -The capacity for information flow over a telecommunications channel, measured by bits per second (BPS). This is the frequency range of a telecommunications channel; it determines the channel’s maximum transmission rate. Management Information Systems Chapter 7 Telecommunications, the Internet, and Wireless Technology

24. 7.24 © 2007 by Prentice Hall Transmission Speed Transmission Media Twisted wireUp to 100 MbpsLow cost Coaxial cableUp to 1Gbps Fiber-optic cableUp to 6+ TbpsHigh cost Management Information Systems Chapter 7 Telecommunications, the Internet, and Wireless Technology

25. 7.25 © 2007 by Prentice Hall THE INTERNET Management Information Systems Chapter 7 Telecommunications, the Internet, and Wireless Technology A network composed of computers and other devices that are logically linked together by a unique address space based on the Internet Protocol THE INTERNET Technically, the Internet is a global information system defined by three characteristics:

26. 7.26 © 2007 by Prentice Hall THE INTERNET (Continued) Management Information Systems Chapter 7 Telecommunications, the Internet, and Wireless Technology A network where network devices are able to support communications using TCP/IP or other compatible protocols A network that provides high-level services layered on a communication and network infrastructure

27. 7.27 © 2007 by Prentice Hall THE INTERNET Management Information Systems Chapter 7 Telecommunications, the Internet, and Wireless Technology A Domain Name System (DNS) converts IP addresses to English-like domain names. The domain name is the name that corresponds to the unique 32-bit numeric IP address for each computer connected to the Internet. Internet Addressing, Architecture, and Governance Every device connected to the Internet has a unique 32-bit numeric IP address. The Domain Name System:

28. 7.28 © 2007 by Prentice Hall THE INTERNET Management Information Systems Chapter 7 Telecommunications, the Internet, and Wireless Technology DNS servers maintain a database containing IP addresses mapped to their corresponding domain names. To access a computer on the Internet, users need only specify its domain name. Internet Addressing, Architecture, and Governance (Continued) The Domain Name System:

29. 7.29 © 2007 by Prentice Hall Management Information Systems Chapter 7 Telecommunications, the Internet, and Wireless Technology t The Domain Name System THE INTERNET Figure 7-8

30. 7.30 © 2007 by Prentice Hall THE INTERNET Management Information Systems Chapter 7 Telecommunications, the Internet, and Wireless Technology Internet Architecture: Internet Network Architecture Figure 7-9

31. 7.31 © 2007 by Prentice Hall THE INTERNET Management Information Systems Chapter 7 Telecommunications, the Internet, and Wireless Technology Internet Architecture Board (IAB) Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN) Internet Governance: No one “owns” the Internet, however, worldwide Internet policies are established by the following organizations:

32. 7.32 © 2007 by Prentice Hall THE INTERNET Management Information Systems Chapter 7 Telecommunications, the Internet, and Wireless Technology Internet Network Information Center (InterNIC) Internet Engineering Steering Group (IESG) Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) Internet Society (ISOC) World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) Internet Governance: (Continued)

33. 7.33 © 2007 by Prentice Hall THE INTERNET Management Information Systems Chapter 7 Telecommunications, the Internet, and Wireless Technology E-mail: Person-to-person messaging; document sharing Usenet newsgroups: Discussion groups on electronic bulletin boards LISTSERVs: Discussion groups using e-mail mailing list servers Chatting and instant messaging: Interactive conversations Major Internet Services Table 8-6

34. 7.34 © 2007 by Prentice Hall THE INTERNET Management Information Systems Chapter 7 Telecommunications, the Internet, and Wireless Technology Telnet: Logging on to one computer system and doing work on another FTP: Transferring files from computer to computer World Wide Web: Retrieving, formatting, and displaying information (including text, audio, graphics, and video) using hypertext links Major Internet Services (Continued) Table 8-6 (Continued)

35. 7.35 © 2007 by Prentice Hall THE INTERNET Management Information Systems Chapter 7 Telecommunications, the Internet, and Wireless Technology t The World Wide Web: HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol): communications standard used to transfer pages on the Web. URL (Uniform Resource Locator) Web servers The Internet and Business Value

36. 7.36 © 2007 by Prentice Hall THE INTERNET Management Information Systems Chapter 7 Telecommunications, the Internet, and Wireless Technology The Internet lowers search costs Search engines Intelligent agents and shopping bots Searching for information on the Web

37. 7.37 © 2007 by Prentice Hall THE INTERNET Management Information Systems Chapter 7 Telecommunications, the Internet, and Wireless Technology Intranets: An intranet is an internal organizational network that provides access to data across a business firm. Extranets: Allow authorized vendors and customers to have limited access to its internal intranet Intranets and Extranets

38. 7.38 © 2007 by Prentice Hall TECHNOLOGIES AND TOOLS FOR COMMUNICATION AND E-BUSINESS Management Information Systems Chapter 7 Telecommunications, the Internet, and Wireless Technology Groupware: Provides capabilities for supporting enterprise-wide communication and collaborative work Teamware: Enables companies to implement collaboration applications easily that can be accessed using Web browser software Groupware, Teamware, and Electronic Conferencing

39. 7.39 © 2007 by Prentice Hall TECHNOLOGIES AND TOOLS FOR COMMUNICATION AND E-BUSINESS Management Information Systems Chapter 7 Telecommunications, the Internet, and Wireless Technology Electronic conferencing tools: Provides a virtual conference table where participants can view and modify documents and slides or share their thoughts and comments using chat, audio, or video Groupware, Teamware, and Electronic Conferencing (Continued)

40. 7.40 © 2007 by Prentice Hall TECHNOLOGIES AND TOOLS FOR COMMUNICATION AND E-BUSINESS Management Information Systems Chapter 7 Telecommunications, the Internet, and Wireless Technology Internet telephony: Enable companies to use Internet technology for telephone voice transmission over the Internet or private networks Voice over IP (VoIP) technology: Uses the Internet Protocol (IP) to deliver voice information in digital form using packet switching Internet Telephony

41. 7.41 © 2007 by Prentice Hall Management Information Systems Chapter 7 Telecommunications, the Internet, and Wireless Technology How IP Telephony Works TECHNOLOGIES AND TOOLS FOR COMMUNICATION AND E-BUSINESS Figure 7-13

42. 7.42 © 2007 by Prentice Hall TECHNOLOGIES AND TOOLS FOR COMMUNICATION AND E-BUSINESS Management Information Systems Chapter 7 Telecommunications, the Internet, and Wireless Technology A virtual private network based on the Internet Protocol provides a secure connection between two points across the Internet, enabling private communications to travel securely over the public infrastructure Virtual Private Networks

43. 7.43 © 2007 by Prentice Hall Management Information Systems Chapter 7 Telecommunications, the Internet, and Wireless Technology A Virtual Private Network using the Internet TECHNOLOGIES AND TOOLS FOR COMMUNICATION AND E-BUSINESS Figure 7-14

44. 7.44 © 2007 by Prentice Hall The Wireless Revolution Mobile phones have become mobile platforms for delivering digital data, used for recording and downloading photos, video and music, Internet access, and transmitting payments. An array of technologies provides high-speed wireless access to the Internet for PCs and other wireless handheld devices and cell phones. Businesses increasingly use wireless to cut costs, increase flexibility, and create new products and services. THE WIRELESS COMPUTING LANDSCAPE Management Information Systems Chapter 7 Telecommunications, the Internet, and Wireless Technology n

45. 7.45 © 2007 by Prentice Hall Microwave systems transmit high-frequency radio signals through the atmosphere. Communication satellites are used for geographically dispersed organizations. THE WIRELESS COMPUTING LANDSCAPE Wireless Transmission Media and Devices Management Information Systems Chapter 7 Telecommunications, the Internet, and Wireless Technology

46. 7.46 © 2007 by Prentice Hall THE WIRELESS COMPUTING LANDSCAPE Devices for Wireless Transmission: Paging systems E-mail handhelds Cellular telephones Personal Digital Assistants (PDAs) Smart phones Management Information Systems Chapter 7 Telecommunications, the Internet, and Wireless Technology

47. 7.47 © 2007 by Prentice Hall THE WIRELESS COMPUTING LANDSCAPE Standards: Global System for Mobile Communication (GSM) Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) Cellular Network Standards and Generations Management Information Systems Chapter 7 Telecommunications, the Internet, and Wireless Technology

48. 7.48 © 2007 by Prentice Hall THE WIRELESS COMPUTING LANDSCAPE Cellular Generations: 1G: Analog cellular networks for voice communication 2G: Digital wireless networks, primarily for voice communication; limited data transmission capability Management Information Systems Chapter 7 Telecommunications, the Internet, and Wireless Technology

49. 7.49 © 2007 by Prentice Hall THE WIRELESS COMPUTING LANDSCAPE 2.5G: Interim step toward 3G in the United States 3G: High-speed; mobile; supports video and other rich media; always-on transmission for e- mail, Web browsing, instant messaging Management Information Systems Chapter 7 Telecommunications, the Internet, and Wireless Technology Cellular Generations: (Continued)

50. 7.50 © 2007 by Prentice Hall THE WIRELESS COMPUTING LANDSCAPE Mobile Wireless Standards for Web Access Wireless Application Protocol (WAP): Uses Wireless Markup Language (WML) and microbrowsers I-mode: Uses compact HTML and allows for continuous connection Management Information Systems Chapter 7 Telecommunications, the Internet, and Wireless Technology

51. 7.51 © 2007 by Prentice Hall Wireless Application Protocol (WAP) versus I-mode THE WIRELESS COMPUTING LANDSCAPE Figure 7-15 Management Information Systems Chapter 7 Telecommunications, the Internet, and Wireless Technology

52. 7.52 © 2007 by Prentice Hall WIRELESS COMPUTER NETWORKS AND INTERNET ACCESS The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) established a hierarchy of complementary standards for wireless computer networks. Global Wireless Network Standards: IEEE 802.15 (Bluetooth) for the Personal Area Network (PAN) IEEE 802.11 (Wi-Fi) for the Local Area Network (LAN) Management Information Systems Chapter 7 Telecommunications, the Internet, and Wireless Technology Table 9-2

53. 7.53 © 2007 by Prentice Hall WIRELESS COMPUTER NETWORKS AND INTERNET ACCESS IEEE 802.16 (WiMax) for the Metropolitan Area Network (MAN) IEEE 802.20 (proposed) standard for the Wide Area Network (WAN) Management Information Systems Chapter 7 Telecommunications, the Internet, and Wireless Technology Table 9-2 (Continued) Global Wireless Network Standards: (Continued)

54. 7.54 © 2007 by Prentice Hall WIRELESS COMPUTER NETWORKS AND INTERNET ACCESS Bluetooth Can link up to 8 devices in 10-m area Low power requirements Management Information Systems Chapter 7 Telecommunications, the Internet, and Wireless Technology

55. 7.55 © 2007 by Prentice Hall WIRELESS COMPUTER NETWORKS AND INTERNET ACCESS Wi-Fi Three standards: 802.11a, 802.11b, 802.11g Infrastructure mode: Devices use access point to communicate with wired network Ad-hoc mode (peer-to-peer): Wireless devices communicate directly with each other Management Information Systems Chapter 7 Telecommunications, the Internet, and Wireless Technology

56. 7.56 © 2007 by Prentice Hall A Bluetooth Network (PAN) WIRELESS COMPUTER NETWORKS AND INTERNET ACCESS Figure 7-16 Management Information Systems Chapter 7 Telecommunications, the Internet, and Wireless Technology

57. 7.57 © 2007 by Prentice Hall Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) systems: Provide a powerful technology for tracking the movement of goods throughout the supply chain WIRELESS TECHNOLOGY IN THE ENTERPRISE Management Information Systems Chapter 7 Telecommunications, the Internet, and Wireless Technology

58. 7.58 © 2007 by Prentice Hall How RFID Works WIRELESS TECHNOLOGY IN THE ENTERPRISE Figure 7-18 Management Information Systems Chapter 7 Telecommunications, the Internet, and Wireless Technology