1. Unit 4
MANUFACTURING
Lesson 1
The Big Idea

2. Objectives:
1. Analyze manufacturing processes, including designing, developing, producing, and servicing.
2. Describe mechanical processes that change the form of materials.
3. Identify the major areas of manufacturing and leading enterprises from each segment.
4. Compare and contrast manufacturing and construction in terms of outputs.
5. Describe natural material resources.
6. Identify and provide examples of types of primary processing.
7. Describe the major manufacturing processes.
8. Describe how manufacturing systems capture, develop, produce, and market creative ideas.
9. Research, design, and fabricate a display depicting a primary manufacturing process.
10. Make an oral presentation to the class and other audiences.

3. The Big Idea
Modern manufacturing technologies produce quality goods at low prices, enhancing the quality of life for many people.

4. Purpose of Lesson
To familiarize students with the functioning and organization of manufacturing enterprises.

5. How Everyday Things Are Made

6. Engagement
Answer the following questions:
a. What was the “real time” duration of the process shown?
b. What are some things that manufacturers have to do before a product is assembled?
c. What resources were used to assemble the product?
d. Who controlled the processes we saw?
Speculate on the impacts of manufacturing on individuals, society, economics, politics, and the environment.

7. Explanation Manufacturing remains the world’s economic power source.
(Industry Week,
The annual global ranking of the largest manufacturing firms proves that publicly held companies continue to be the power generators of the world’s wealth.

8. Match the names of leading Global manufacturers with their products.
Explanation
Match the names of leading Global manufacturers with their products.
PRODUCT MANUFACTURER
1. Petroleum & coal products
A. Caterpillar, Inc.
2. Motor vehicles
B. Exxon Mobil
3. Electrical equip. & appliances
C. General Electric (GE)
4. Food
D. Boeing Co.
5. Chemicals
E. Samsung
6. Computer & other electronic products
F. Johnson & Johnson
7. Primary metals
G. Nestlé SA
8. Pharmaceuticals
H. Procter & Gamble
9. Machinery
I. Arcelor Mittal
10. Communications
J. France Telecom
11. Aerospace & Defense
K. Toyota

9. Petroleum & coal products
Petroleum & coal products –the industry’s revenue giant in petroleum & coal products is Exxon Mobil $303 Billion-TOP Revenue of ALL manufacturing Companies!
#2 Royal Dutch Shell

10. Motor Vehicles
Motor vehicles – Japanese automaker Toyota posted a $222 Billion revenue but their revenue has decreased by 22% from revenues.

11. Electrical equipment & appliances
Electrical equipment & appliances – among the 28companies on the list in the electrical equipment & appliances industry, GE had the highest revenues—$156 billion. (4 times higher than Mitsubishi 2nd place.)

12. Food
Food–Switzerland’s Nestlé SA produced the highest revenues, $104 billion.

13. Chemicals
Leading Chemical Company – Procter and Gamble earns $79 billion in revenue

14. Computer & other
electronic products
Computer & other electronic products + $120 Billion in revenues (Japanese Company)

15. Primary metals
Primary metals – Arcelor Mittal (France) earned almost $65 billion, the highest revenues among the all the companies in the metals industry.

16. Pharmaceuticals
Pharmaceuticals - Johnson & Johnson took in $62 Billion in 2009, the highest revenue figure among the pharmaceutical manufacturers on the IW 1000

17. Machinery
Machinery - Among the machinery producers on the IW 1000, Caterpillar Inc. generated the most revenues—$32 billion.

18. Communications
French Company France Telecom earns $67 Billion in revenue and is closely followed by Nokia Corp. (Finland)

19. Production activities either result in a product or a structure.
Production activities that result in products is called manufacturing.
Production activities that result in structures is called construction.

20. Manufacturing
Manufacturing processes have been changed by improved tools and techniques based on more thorough scientific understanding, increases in the forces that can be applied and the temperatures that can be reached, and the availability of electronic controls that make operations occur more rapidly and consistently.

21. Goods
Non-durable goods are designed to operate for a short period of time.
Durable goods are designed to operate for a long period of time

22. Manufacturing systems
Manufacturing systems may be classified into types, such as:
Customized production
Continuous production
Batch production

23. Marketing
Marketing involves establishing a product’s identity, conducting research on its potential, advertising it, distributing it, and selling it.

24. Biotechnology
Biotechnology has applications in such areas as agriculture, pharmaceuticals, food and beverages, medicine, energy, the environment, and genetic engineering.

25. Medical technologies
Medical technologies include prevention and rehabilitation, vaccines and pharmaceuticals, medical and surgical procedures, genetic engineering, and the systems in which health is protected and maintained.

26. Transportation
Transportation plays a vital role in the operation of other technologies, such as manufacturing, construction, communication, health and safety, and agriculture.

27. Intermodalism
Intermodalism is the use of different modes of transportation, such as highways, railways, and waterways as part of an interconnected system that can move people and goods easily from one mode to another.

28. Categories of Manufacturing
Resources processing (primary manufacturing)
Product manufacturing (secondary manufacturing)

29. Types of Natural Material Resources
Minerals
Genetic materials
Fossil fuel materials

30. Primary Processing
Mechanical processes
(producing lumber and plywood)
Chemical and electrochemical processes
(producing aluminum)
Thermal processes
(producing steel, glass, refining petroleum)

31. Major Manufacturing Processes
Casting and molding
Separating
Assembling
Conditioning
Forming
Finishing

32. Major Manufacturing Processes
Casting & Molding
Basic Steps in process
Introducing a liquid material into a prepared cavity and causing the material to solidify
Prepare the mold
Prepare the material
Introduce the material into the mold
Cause the material to solidify
Extract the Product

33. Major Manufacturing Processes
Forming
Basic Steps in process
Applying force through a shaping device to cause a material to change its shape permanently
Develop the shaping device
Establish material temperature
Create the forming forces

34. Major Manufacturing Processes
Separating
Basic Steps in process
Using a cutting element to remove excess material to create a desired size and shape
Select the cutting device or element
Support the work and/or the Cutting Device
Create the cutting and fee motions

35. Major Manufacturing Processes
Conditioning
Basic Steps in process
Using heat, chemical action, or mechanical force to change the internal properties of a material
Determine the desired Material property
Determine the material structure needed to produce the property
Select the process to develop the property
Use Chemical, Thermal, or mechanical means to condition the material

36. Major Manufacturing Processes
Assembly
Basic Steps in process
Temporarily, semi-permanently, or permanently attaching parts to make assemblies or products
Determine the Type of Assembly needed
Determine the technique that will develop the assembly
Select the appropriate joint for the assembly
Install the fastener or bond the material

37. Major Manufacturing Processes
Finishing
Basic Steps in process
Coating or converting the surface of a material to protect and/or beautify it
Select a finishing material or technique
Prepare the product for finishing
Apply the finish

38. Manufacturing
Manufacturing is part of a larger system that captures, develops, produces, and markets creative ideas and includes:
a. Research and development
b. Production
c. Marketing
d. Industrial relations
e. Financial management

39. EXIT Ticket
Big Idea EXIT Ticket

40. Extension
Students working in groups will research, design, and fabricate a display depicting a primary manufacturing process (mechanical, thermal, chemical or electromechanical).
The student groups will make an oral presentation to the class and other audiences on their research.

41. Big Idea Unit 4 “Research”
Manufacturing process Activity Description