1. 1 © 2004, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Frame Relay

2. 222 © 2004, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Objectives

3. 333 © 2004, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Frame Relay Operation

4. 444 © 2004, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Frame Relay Switches

5. 555 © 2004, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Frame Relay Concepts

6. 666 © 2004, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Virtual Circuits

7. 777 © 2004, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Local Significance of DLCIs The data-link connection identifier (DLCI) is stored in the Address field of every frame transmitted.

8. 888 © 2004, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Terminology The connection through the Frame Relay network between two DTEs is called a virtual circuit (VC). Virtual circuits may be established dynamically by sending signaling messages to the network. In this case they are called switched virtual circuits (SVCs). Virtual circuits can be configured manually through the network. In this case they are called permanent virtual circuits (PVCs).

9. 999 © 2004, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Frame Relay Stack Layered Support

10. 10 © 2004, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Frame Relay Functions

11. 11 © 2004, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Bandwidth and Flow Control Bit counter Example 1

12. 12 © 2004, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Frame Relay Concepts Queue

13. 13 © 2004, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Frame Relay Concepts

14. 14 © 2004, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Frame Relay Concepts

15. 15 © 2004, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Star (Hub and Spoke) Full Mesh Partial Mesh Selecting a Frame Relay Topology

16. 16 © 2004, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. LAPF Frame – Address Field 6-bits 4-bits

17. 17 © 2004, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Data Link Control Identifier The 10-bit DLCI associates the frame with its virtual circuit It is of local significance only - a frame will not generally be delivered with the same DLCI with which it started Some DLCI’s are reserved

18. 18 © 2004, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Local Management Interface (LMI) Three types of LMIs are supported by Cisco routers: Cisco — The original LMI extensions Ansi — Corresponding to the ANSI standard T1.617 Annex D q933a — Corresponding to the ITU standard Q933 Annex A

19. 19 © 2004, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. LMI Frame Format LMI MessageFlag FCS 121 Address 21 Control 1 PD 1 CR 1 MT

20. 20 © 2004, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Stages of Inverse ARP and LMI Operation #1

21. 21 © 2004, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Stages of Inverse ARP and LMI Operation #2

22. 22 © 2004, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Configuring Basic Frame Relay

23. 23 © 2004, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Configuring a Static Frame Relay Map

24. 24 © 2004, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Reachability Issues with Routing Updates in NBMA

25. 25 © 2004, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Reachability Issues with Routing Updates in NBMA By default, a Frame Relay network provides nonbroadcast multiaccess (NBMA) connectivity between remote sites. An NBMA environment is treated like other multiaccess media environments, where all the routers are on the same subnet.

26. 26 © 2004, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Frame Relay Subinterfaces

27. 27 © 2004, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Configuring Point-to-Point Subinterfaces

28. 28 © 2004, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Verifying Frame Relay The show interfaces command displays information regarding the encapsulation and Layer 1 and Layer 2 status. It also displays information about the following: The LMI type The LMI DLCI The Frame Relay data terminal equipment/data circuit-terminating equipment (DTE/DCE) type

29. 29 © 2004, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. The show interface Command LMI Type LMI DLCI LMI Status

30. 30 © 2004, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. The show frame-relay lmi Command

31. 31 © 2004, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. The show frame-relay pvc Command

32. 32 © 2004, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. The show frame-relay map Command

33. 33 © 2004, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Troubleshooting Frame Relay The debug frame-relay lmi Command PVC Status 0x2 – Active 0x0 – Inactive 0x4 – Deleted

34. 34 © 2004, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Summary