1. Environmental Health XII. Electromagnetic radiation Shu-Chi Chang, Ph.D., P.E., P.A. Assistant Professor 1 and Division Chief 2 1 Department of Environmental Engineering 2 Division of Occupational Safety and Health, Center for Environmental Protection and Occupational Safety and Health National Chung Hsing University Friday, June 15, 2007

2. Outline Introduction Nonionizing radiation Ionizing radiation Natural background radiation Artificial sources Nuclear power operations Nuclear weapon testing Consumer products Control and benefits

3. Introduction

5. Nonionizing radiation UV Visible light Infrared radiation Microwave Radio frequency Electro-magnetic field Standards for control

6. Ionizing radiation Types X-rays Alpha, beta and gamma rays Biological effects Unit of dose Dose-response relationships Types of exposures

8. Natural background radiation Cosmic radiation Terrestrial readiation 40 K (potassium), 3 H, 14 C, and 226 Ra

11. Artificial sources Radiation machines Industrial use Commercial use Research use Radioactive materials

12. Nuclear power operations Mining, milling, and fabrication Treatment of spent fuel Commercial nuclear power plants

13. Nuclear weapon testing The late 1940s through the early 1960s Nevada

14. Consumer products Sources Within the home Workplace Personal basis (consumer products) Cigarette smoking Others

15. Control and benefits Controls Potassium Radon Medical X-ray machine Capsule- and loose-form Benefits Modernization Medical advent Industrial application Agricultural usage Genetically modified organisms Insect control