1. Open Source Movement 開放源碼的發展 Morris Law IT Coordinator, Science Faculty March 2005

2. Course Outline The difference among free software, freeware, shareware and commercial software The difference among free software, freeware, shareware and commercial software The free software movement start in 80 ’ The free software movement start in 80 ’ Comparison of open source software and commercial software Comparison of open source software and commercial software Demonstration of useful open source software Demonstration of useful open source software Open source organizations in Hong Kong Open source organizations in Hong Kong

3. Different kinds of software

4. Important terms in Software Free Software Free Software Software that has freedom to use, modify and distribute to others Software that has freedom to use, modify and distribute to others Open Source Software Open Source Software Similar to free software but stressed in source code availability Similar to free software but stressed in source code availability Public domain Software: Public domain Software: software that is not copyrighted software that is not copyrighted Copylefted software: Copylefted software: copyrighted with free distribution terms copyrighted with free distribution terms General Public Licensed (GPL) software General Public Licensed (GPL) softwareGPL A special case of copylefted software A special case of copylefted software Proprietary Software: Proprietary Software: prohibited to use, redistribute and modify. prohibited to use, redistribute and modify. Shareware: Shareware: copyrighted software with special distribution and marketing method: try before you buy copyrighted software with special distribution and marketing method: try before you buy

5. What is freeware? Software can be freely used and redistributed. (zero price) Software can be freely used and redistributed. (zero price) Freeware often come with no source code. Freeware often come with no source code. Freeware is not free software in which freedom to modify and improve is the concern. Freeware is not free software in which freedom to modify and improve is the concern. e.g. Acrobat Reader, PowerArchiver, Real Player e.g. Acrobat Reader, PowerArchiver, Real Player

6. Free Software Permission to use, copy, distribute and modified Permission to use, copy, distribute and modified Source code must be available Source code must be available Sometimes called Open Source Sometimes called Open Source A matter of liberty, not price A matter of liberty, not price Gives freedom to run, study, redistribute and improve the program Gives freedom to run, study, redistribute and improve the program

7. Well known free software by category Operating System Operating System Linux (or GNU/Linux) Linux (or GNU/Linux) Linux (or GNU/Linux) Linux (or GNU/Linux) FreeBSD, OpenBSD, NetBSD FreeBSD, OpenBSD, NetBSD FreeBSDOpenBSDNetBSD FreeBSDOpenBSDNetBSD GNU/Hurd GNU/Hurd GNU/Hurd General Utilities General Utilities GNU Utilities GNU Utilities GNU Utilities GNU Utilities

8. Well known free software by category Programming Languages Programming Languages GNU C/C++ GNU C/C++ GNU C/C++ GNU C/C++ Perl Perl Perl Python Python Python Tcl Tcl Tcl Windows System Windows System The X-Windows System The X-Windows System The X-Windows System The X-Windows System XFree86 XFree86 XFree86

9. Well known free software by category Desktop environments Desktop environments GNOME GNOME GNOME KDE KDE KDE GNUStep GNUStep GNUStep XFce XFce XFce Web Browser Web Browser Mozilla (Netscape 6,7) Mozilla (Netscape 6,7) Mozilla (Netscape 6,7) Mozilla (Netscape 6,7) Firefox Firefox Firefox

10. Well known free software by category Productivity and Applications Productivity and Applications ABIWord ABIWord ABIWord GNU Image Manipulation Program (GIMP) GNU Image Manipulation Program (GIMP) GNU Image Manipulation Program (GIMP) GNU Image Manipulation Program (GIMP) Office Suite Office Suite OpenOffice OpenOffice OpenOffice KOffice KOffice KOffice

11. Well known free software by category Server-type software Server-type software Samba Samba Samba Apache Apache Apache PhP PhP PhP Zope Zope Zope MySQL MySQL MySQL PostgreSQL PostgreSQL PostgreSQL

12. Major Personality in free software community Richard Stallman, Richard Stallman, Richard Stallman Richard Stallman founder of the Free Software Foundation and the GNU Project. Profiled in Steven Levy's 1984 book, Hackers: the Heros of the Computer Revolution as the Last True Hacker, he started the Free Software movement in the 1980s and is considered by many to be the father of Free Software/Open Source. founder of the Free Software Foundation and the GNU Project. Profiled in Steven Levy's 1984 book, Hackers: the Heros of the Computer Revolution as the Last True Hacker, he started the Free Software movement in the 1980s and is considered by many to be the father of Free Software/Open Source.

13. Major Personality in free software community Linus TorvaldsLinus Torvalds, initial author and top maintainer of the Linux kernel, and possibly the most respected figure in the community. Larry Wall author of the popular Perl language.

14. Major Personality in free software community Eric Raymond Eric Raymond Eric Raymond Eric Raymond author of the famous paper The Cathedral and the Bazaar, and responsible for the popularization of the name Open Source author of the famous paper The Cathedral and the Bazaar, and responsible for the popularization of the name Open Source Bruce Perens Bruce Perens Bruce Perens Bruce Perens editor of the Debian Free Software Guidelines and the Open Source Definition, considered by the community as the basic law. editor of the Debian Free Software Guidelines and the Open Source Definition, considered by the community as the basic law.

15. Major Personality in free software community Alan Cox Alan Cox Alan Cox Alan Cox active contributor and maintainer of the Linux kernel. active contributor and maintainer of the Linux kernel. Guido van Rossum Guido van Rossum Guido van Rossum Guido van Rossum author of the Python language. author of the Python language.Python Miguel de Icaza Miguel de Icaza Miguel de Icaza Miguel de Icaza founder of GNOME. founder of GNOME.GNOME

16. Major organizations for Free Software Free Software Foundation Free Software Foundation Free Software Foundation Free Software Foundation Software in the Public Interest and its Debian GNU/Linux and Debian GNU/Hurd projects Software in the Public Interest and its Debian GNU/Linux and Debian GNU/Hurd projects Software in the Public Interest Debian GNU/LinuxDebian GNU/Hurd Software in the Public Interest Debian GNU/LinuxDebian GNU/Hurd Linux International Linux International Linux International Linux International The Open Source Initiative The Open Source Initiative The Open Source Initiative The Open Source Initiative The XFree86 Project The XFree86 Project The XFree86 Project The XFree86 Project The Free Standards Group, parent of the Linux Standard Base The Free Standards Group, parent of the Linux Standard Base The Free Standards GroupLinux Standard Base The Free Standards GroupLinux Standard Base The Apache Software Foundation The Apache Software Foundation The Apache Software Foundation The Apache Software Foundation The GNOME Foundation The GNOME Foundation The GNOME Foundation The GNOME Foundation The KDE League The KDE League The KDE League The KDE League

17. Major free software sites Sourceforge.net Sourceforge.net Sourceforge.net the world largest open source software development web site the world largest open source software development web site Slashdot.org Slashdot.org Slashdot.org major community and news site with forum major community and news site with forum Freshmeat.net Freshmeat.net Freshmeat.net major software release announcement site major software release announcement site Advogato.org Advogato.org Advogato.org the advocate site for free software developers the advocate site for free software developers

18. Major events in open source Richard Stallman launched the GNU project in 1984 Richard Stallman launched the GNU project in 1984 The first web browser mosaic was created in NCSA in 1993 The first web browser mosaic was created in NCSA in 1993 Netscape announce to release it ’ s source code in 1998. The term ‘ open source ’ was first used Netscape announce to release it ’ s source code in 1998. The term ‘ open source ’ was first used The first Linuxworld trade show in 1999 The first Linuxworld trade show in 1999 Major hardware vendors, HP, SGI, IBM has ported and support Linux in their major workstations and server series from 2000 Major hardware vendors, HP, SGI, IBM has ported and support Linux in their major workstations and server series from 2000 Sun open source its Solaris O.S. in 2004 Sun open source its Solaris O.S. in 2004

19. Recommended freeware on windows http://www.sci.hkbu.edu.hk/ipo/freeware.html

20. Reference URLs Association of Shareware Professionals Association of Shareware Professionals http://www.asp-shareware.org Free Software (Open Source) Free Software (Open Source) http://www.free-soft.org GNU Project GNU Project http://www.gnu.org

22. Demonstration A PC installed with open source software on both Windows and Linux platform

23. List of open source / freeware installed Acrobat Reader 7.0 Acrobat Reader 7.0 Apache 2.0.53 Apache 2.0.53 GIMP 2.2.4 GIMP 2.2.4 JDK 5.0 JDK 5.0 MySQL 4.1 MySQL 4.1 Firefox 1.01 Firefox 1.01 OpenOffice 1.1.3 OpenOffice 1.1.3 PHP 4.3.7 PHP 4.3.7 Putty snapshot 2001-12-26 Putty snapshot 2001-12-26 Real Player 10.5 Real Player 10.5 VNC 3.3.7 VNC 3.3.7 WINAMP 2.8 WINAMP 2.8

24. Opensource Organisations in HK Open Standard Support Organisation (OSSO) Open Standard Support Organisation (OSSO)開源標準科技協進會 Open Applications Knowledge Association (OAKA) 開放系統研用協會 Open Applications Knowledge Association (OAKA) 開放系統研用協會 Hong Kong Linux Users Group (HKLUG) Hong Kong Linux Users Group (HKLUG) 香港 Linux 用家協會 Hong Kong Linux Players Group (HKLPG) Hong Kong Linux Players Group (HKLPG) 香港 Linux 玩家網 Hong Kong Linux Industry Association (HKLIA) 香港 Linux 商會 Hong Kong Linux Industry Association (HKLIA) 香港 Linux 商會