1. Living Systems A.Characteristics of life B.Taxonomic levels C.Four Kingdoms of Eukarya D.What about viruses?

2. A.Characteristics of life 1.Living organisms are made of cells

3. A.Characteristics of life 1.Living organisms are made of cells 2.Respond to their environment

4. A.Characteristics of life 1.Living organisms are made of cells 2.Respond to their environment 3.Maintenance of homestasis by feedback mechanisms

5. Feedback systems 1. Components 2. Types of –a. Negative –b. Positive

6. A.Characteristics of life 1.Living organisms are made of cells 2.Respond to their environment 3.Maintenance of homestasis by feedback mechanisms 4.Movement

7. A.Characteristics of life 1.Living organisms are made of cells 2.Respond to their environment 3.Maintenance of homestasis by feedback mechanisms 4.Movement 5.Metabolism

8. A.Characteristics of life 1.Living organisms are made of cells 2.Respond to their environment 3.Maintenance of homestasis by feedback mechanisms 4.Movement 5.Metabolism 6.Excretion 7.Reproduction

9. A.Characteristics of life 1.Living organisms are made of cells 2.Respond to their environment 3.Maintenance of homestasis by feedback mechanisms 4.Movement 5.Metabolism 6.Excretion 7.Reproduction 8.Grow and develop

10. A.Characteristics of life 1.Living organisms are made of cells 2.Respond to their environment 3.Maintenance of homestasis by feedback mechanisms 4.Movement 5.Metabolism 6.Excretion 7.Reproduction 8.Grow and develop 9.Populations evolve

11. A.Characteristics of life 1.Living organisms are made of cells 2.Respond to their environment 3.Maintenance of homestasis by feedback mechanisms 4.Movement 5.Metabolism 6.Excretion 7.Reproduction 8.Grow and develop 9.Populations evolve 10.Genetic material

12. B.Introduction to Taxonomy 1.Taxonomy is the study of classification 2.The field of taxonomy is in a state of flux

13. B.Introduction to Taxonomy 1.Taxonomy is the study of classification 2.The field of taxonomy is in a state of flux 3.Organisms previously have been organized and classified based upon morphological and embryological similarities and differences

14. B. Introduction to Taxonomy 1.Taxonomy is the study of classification 2.The field of taxonomy is in a state of flux 3.Organisms previously have been organized and classified based upon morphological and embryological similarities and differences 4.With increasingly strong powers of observation, older schemes are being replaced with newer taxonomic schemes

15. B. Introduction to Taxonomy 1.Taxonomy is the study of classification 2.The field of taxonomy is in a state of flux 3.Organisms previously have been organized and classified based upon morphological and embryological similarities and differences 4.With increasingly strong powers of observation, older schemes are being replaced with newer taxonomic schemes 5.The older five kingdom approach is being replaced with a system which adds a new taxon at a higher more inclusive level.

16. 6.Levels of taxa Domain –Eubacteria –Archaebacteria –Eukarya

17. 6.Levels of taxa Domain –Eubacteria –Archaebacteria –Eukarya Kingdom Phylum Class Order Family Genus Species

18. 7.Terminology a.Procaryotic vs. eucaryotic

19. 7.Terminology a.Procaryotic vs. eucaryotic b.Autotrophic vs. heterotrophic c.Monophyletic vs. polyphyletic

20. 8.Three different domains a.Eubacteria b.Archaebacteria c.Eukarya

21. C.Four Kingdoms of the Eukarya 1.Plant Kingdom –Cell walls and membranes –Photoautotrophic –Relatively immobile, but still possess the ability to move –Eucaryotic –Multicellular –Monophyletic

22. Four Kingdoms of the Eukarya 2.Animalia –Cell membranes only –Ingestive heterotrophs –Mobile –Eucaryotic –Multicellular –Monophyletic

23. Four Kingdoms of the Eukarya 3.Fungi-a kingdom of questionable origin –Cell walls but made out of chitin/cellulose –Heterotrophic but absorptive instead of ingestive –Relatively immobile except for the slime molds –Eucaryotic –Multicellular –Monophyletic

24. Four Kingdoms of the Eukarya 4.Protista –Apparently polyphyletic –Some appear to be more closely related to animals than to plants

25. Four phyla of the Eukarya 4.Protista –Apparently polyphyletic –Some appear to be more closely related to animals than to plants

26. Four Kingdoms of the Eukarya 4.Protista –Apparently polyphyletic –Some appear to be more closely related to plants than animals

27. III.What about viruses? Virus Structure

28. Viral Life Cycle

29. Is a virus a living thing? 10 1.Yes 2.No 3.Maybe so

30. Is a virus highly evolved or primitive? 10 1.Highly evolved 2.Primitive 3.Not sure

31. To which domain does the virus organism belong? 1.Eubacteria 2.Archaebacteria 3.Eukarya 4.None of the above

32. To which kingdom does the virus belong? 1.Animalia 2.Plantae 3.Protista 4.Fungi 5.None of the above 10